Moving forward: A review of continuous kinetics and kinematics during handcycling propulsion

Halloran, Kellie M.; Focht, Michael D.K.; Teague, Alexander; Peters, Joseph; Rice, Ian; Kersh, Mariana E.

doi:10.1016/j.jbiomech.2023.111779

Cited by 4 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 47 publications

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“…As related to the current study of kinematics in the sagittal plane (flexion/ extension movements), these results must be interpreted cautiously as they might not apply to arm-cycling sprinting. In addition, in the current study, the configuration of the ergometer and the variables of intensity and speed were different from previous studies (50,55,57,58). As Botzheim et al (50) suggested, those differences affect muscle activation and could potentially change the kinematics of the movement task.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 66%

The Effects of Load, Crank Position, and Sex on the Biomechanics and Performance during an Upper Body Wingate Anaerobic Test

Antolinez,

Edwards,

Holmes

et al. 2024

Medicine &Amp; Science in Sports &Amp; Exercise

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Introduction The upper body Wingate Anaerobic Test (WAnT) is a 30-second maximal effort sprint against a set load (percentage of body mass). However, there is no consensus on the optimal load and no differential values for males and females, even when there are well-studied anatomical and physiological differences in muscle mass for the upper body. Our goal was to describe the effects of load, sex, and crank position on the kinetics, kinematics, and performance of the upper body WAnT. Methods Eighteen participants (9 females) performed three WAnTs at 3, 4, and 5% of body mass. Arm crank forces, 2D kinematics, and performance variables were recorded during each WAnT. Results Our results showed an increase of ~49% effective force, ~36% peak power, ~5° neck flexion, and ~ 30° shoulder flexion from 3-5% load (p < .05). Mean power and anaerobic capacity decreased by 15%, with no changes in fatigue index (p < .05). The positions of higher force efficiency were at 12 and 6 o’clock. The least force efficiency occurred at 3 o’clock (p < .05). Sex differences showed that males produced 97% more effective force and 109% greater mean power than females, with 11.7% more force efficiency (p < .001). Males had 16° more head/neck flexion than females, and females had greater elbow joint variability with 17° more wrist extension at higher loads. Males cycled ~32% faster at 3 vs 5% load with a 65% higher angular velocity than females. Grip strength, MVIC, mass, and height positively correlated with peak and mean power (p < .001). Conclusions In conclusion, load, sex, and crank position have a significant impact on performance of the WAnT. These factors should be considered when developing and implementing an upper body WAnT.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 66%

The Effects of Load, Crank Position, and Sex on the Biomechanics and Performance during an Upper Body Wingate Anaerobic Test

Antolinez,

Edwards,

Holmes

et al. 2024

Medicine &Amp; Science in Sports &Amp; Exercise

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“…Another explanation could be that the participant used more of the shoulder and scapular movements to assist the arm reaching forward after training. Although this is speculative, prior work showed active involvement of the shoulders and scapulae during arm cycling 49 . We suggest future studies measuring kinematics and muscle activity of other axial muscles in the upper body for better understanding of the benefits of arm cycling in activities of daily living.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Home-based arm cycling exercise improves trunk control in persons with incomplete spinal cord injury: an observational study

van Helden,

Alexander,

Cabral

et al. 2023

Sci Rep

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Arm cycling is used for cardiorespiratory rehabilitation but its therapeutic effects on the neural control of the trunk after spinal cord injury (SCI) remain unclear. We investigated the effects of single session of arm cycling on corticospinal excitability, and the feasibility of home-based arm cycling exercise training on volitional control of the erector spinae (ES) in individuals with incomplete SCI. Using transcranial magnetic stimulation, we assessed motor evoked potentials (MEPs) in the ES before and after 30 min of arm cycling in 15 individuals with SCI and 15 able-bodied controls (Experiment 1). Both groups showed increased ES MEP size after the arm cycling. The participants with SCI subsequently underwent a 6-week home-based arm cycling exercise training (Experiment 2). MEP amplitudes and activity of the ES, and movements of the trunk during reaching, self-initiated rapid shoulder flexion, and predicted external perturbation tasks were measured. After the training, individuals with SCI reached further and improved trajectory of the trunk during the rapid shoulder flexion task, accompanied by increased ES activity and MEP amplitudes. Exercise adherence was excellent. We demonstrate preserved corticospinal drive after a single arm cycling session and the effects of home-based arm cycling exercise training on trunk function in individuals with SCI.

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Adaptive neuro-fuzzy sliding mode control of the human upper limb during manual wheelchair propulsion: estimation of continuous joint movements using synergy-based extended Kalman filter

Rusta,

Haghpanah,

Taghvaei

et al. 2024

Neural Comput & Applic

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Moving forward: A review of continuous kinetics and kinematics during handcycling propulsion

Cited by 4 publications

References 47 publications

The Effects of Load, Crank Position, and Sex on the Biomechanics and Performance during an Upper Body Wingate Anaerobic Test

The Effects of Load, Crank Position, and Sex on the Biomechanics and Performance during an Upper Body Wingate Anaerobic Test

Home-based arm cycling exercise improves trunk control in persons with incomplete spinal cord injury: an observational study

Adaptive neuro-fuzzy sliding mode control of the human upper limb during manual wheelchair propulsion: estimation of continuous joint movements using synergy-based extended Kalman filter

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