Movimento e equilíbrio no envelhecimento: familia, espiritualidade e resiliência

Abstract

The concept of resilience has been adapted to the human sciences as the ability of an individual to respond positively to the adversities of life, relating with family and spirituality. Considering spirituality as what concedes meaning to the existence and its potencial in promoting resilience to the coping of difficulties such as the changes that result from aging, the present study was developed, which objective has been: to comprehend resilience and spirituality in the family reorganization facing the aging process. It was tried, to know the socio economical and cultural conditions, family composition, the changes that occurred in the family dynamics, and the strategies of coping, of the elder and their family, with the aging process. It was made a descriptive, prospective, study of the assumptions of the qualitative research. In interview, it was applied a questionary with socio economical data, and questions guiding to the apprehension of the meanings of aging to the elder and their family. It was elaborated a genogram, followed by the application of the Mini-Mental, Katz Index, Yesavage Scale of Depression. Initially it was mapped 295 elders residents of the territory attended by a family health team of Basic Health Unit, of Teotonio Vilela neighborhood, in the city of São Paulo. Amongst these, 23 elders were interviewed, and the correspondent number of families, totalizing 46 individuals. The answers were analyzed with the help of WebQDA 2.0, and the technique of content analysis. Of the interviewed elders, 78,3% lived in their own property, with at least one more relative. The health Unit is used by 69,9% of the elders. From the elders, 91,3% were women, 43,5% were between 71 and 80 years old, a majority of catholics, retired and with an income between one and three minimal wages. Mini-Mental revealed that 34,8% of participants had punctuation considered normal, and the emotional aspect, evaluated by Yesavage Geriatric Depression Scale, has shown that 26,1% had punctuation suggesting depression. By Katz Index, 87% of the elders were classified as independents. The families were in their majority women (82,6%), daughters and above 50 years old. The answers revealed that among the individual changes incurring from the aging process, the cognitive and physical changes affected in the increasing of dependency, and the social economical condition of the family. The family, its confidence and the stablished bonds were responsible for giving meaning to the elders' lives. Spirituality has been present, giving meaning to the existence, and in some cases, has been expressed through religiosity and feelings of happiness, promoting resilience. Comprehending spirituality as what gives meaning to life and resilience as the strength arising from overcoming adversities, it has been concluded that there is no possibility of being resilient without a reason or motivation for living. Nursing has the objective of offering holistic care to the human being. Family, community and the relations that an individual satellites thro...

Religiosidade/Espiritualidade:análise Das Tendencias Em Teses E Dissertações Da Enfermagem Brasileira

“…Discursos de dois estudos com familiares que cuidam de idosos em situação de envelhecimento revelaram que as mudanças cognitivas e físicas impactaram no aumento da dependência e na condição socioeconômica da família. No entanto, a espiritualidade esteve presente significando a existência e, em alguns casos, foi expressa através da religiosidade e de sentimentos de felicidade, promovendo a resiliência e possibilitando que a pessoa idosa encontre um novo significado de vida, através da sua fé em Deus (48)(49) .…”