Movement and volume of infrapatellar fat pad and knee kinematics during quasi-static knee extension at 30 and 0° flexion in young healthy individuals

Okita, Yuriko; Oba, Hiroyuki; Miura, Ryohei; Morimoto, Masashi; Gamada, Kazuyoshi

doi:10.1016/j.knee.2019.10.019

Cited by 14 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…Kinematically, when the knee is extended more than the 20° flexion position, the femur moves forward and the tibia is externally rotated, thus strengthening the joint's conformity 26) . Additionally, the IFP moves from the posterior direction to the anterior direction in the knee extension position compared to the flexion position 27) . Therefore, when ICQ is applied in the knee extension position, the patella is pulled proximally, and the patellar ligament and patellar support are tensed, which is thought to act as a compressive force on the IFP anteriorly.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of isometric contraction of the quadriceps on the hardness and blood flow in the infrapatellar fat pad

et al. 2021

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This study aimed to clarify the influence of the isometric contraction of the quadriceps (ICQ) with low intensity on the circulation in the infrapatellar fat pad (IFP). [Participants and Methods] The participants were 7 males and 5 females, with an average age of 21.5 ± 1.4 years. IFP hardness was measured using shear wave ultrasound elastography and Biodex. Tissue oxygenation was measured via near-infrared spectroscopy using oxygenated hemoglobin (O2Hb), deoxygenated hemoglobin (HHb), and total hemoglobin (cHb) as indices. The mean values were calculated for three periods: 1 min of rest immediately before the exercise task (before ICQ), the lower limit of the 10 sets during the exercise task (during ICQ), and 3-4 min after the exercise task (after ICQ). IFP hardness was compared between resting conditions and ICQ, and tissue oxygenation was compared before, during, and after ICQ. [Results] ICQ significantly increased IFP hardness. Tissue hemoglobin, O2Hb, and cHb decreased significantly during ICQ and increased after ICQ compared to that before ICQ. HHb decreased during ICQ and recovered significantly after ICQ. [Conclusion] In healthy participants, low-intensity ICQ increases the hardness and oxygenation of the IFP. This study may partly explain the unknown pain relief mechanism of exercise therapy.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of isometric contraction of the quadriceps on the hardness and blood flow in the infrapatellar fat pad

et al. 2021

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“…However, this study has its potential limitations. First, a cross-sectional study could not speculate on causal relationships, and the modest sample size, which might hinder 22 Ann Anat 2020 Austria 3 mm Kanthawang et al 23 Skeletal Radiol 2020 USA 3 mm with 0.5 mm gap Okita et al 24 Knee 2019 Japan 1 mm Teichtahl et al 25 Arthritis Res Ther 2015 Australia 1.5 mm Pan et al 6 Ann Rheum Dis 2015 Australia 4 mm with 1 mm gap the ability to rule out the actual association between parameters. Second, the characteristics of groups are significantly different in age and height, which might reduce the comparability and produce bias as confounders.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Moreover, most of the MRI studies concerning the role of IPFP in OA only analyze IPFP in one aspect and use outdated MRI scanning with 1-3 mm slice thickness. 6,[21][22][23][24][25] In our study, we applied a high-resolution technique (with as little as a slice thickness of 0.35 mm and without inter-slice gap), calculated the IPFP maximal sagittal area and IPFP volume (relate to structural factors) and the quantitated signal intensity (relates to metabolism factors), compared the differences between healthy controls and OA patients, and analyze the relationship between IPFP and knee degeneration (or patellar maltracking) indicators to reveal which factor is more related to OA.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Increased signal intensity, not volume variation of infrapatellar fat pad in knee osteoarthritis: A cross-sectional study based on high-resolution magnetic resonance imaging

Feng

et al. 2022

J Orthop Surg (Hong Kong)

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Background Infrapatellar fat pad (IPFP) is regarded as an essential knee tissue involved in osteoarthritis (OA) for its potential structural-related or metabolism-related function. This cross-sectional study aims to identify which part is more related to OA. Methods Patients with knee OA ( n = 53) and healthy controls ( n = 54) were prospectively recruited. Based on high-resolution magnetic resonance imaging with a slice thickness of only 0.35 mm, IPFP structural-related parameters (volume and maximal area), metabolism-related parameter (signal), degeneration indicators, and patellar maltracking indicators (patellar translation, patellofemoral angle, and Insall-Salvati ratio) were measured. IPFP volume (maximal area, and signal) was compared between healthy controls and OA patients. The level of significance for all comparisons was set as .05. Results OA patients had higher IPFP signal (672.9 ± 136.9 vs 567.3 ± 63.6, p = .009), but no significant difference in IPFP volume or maximal area compared with healthy controls. In healthy controls, IPFP signal was positively associated with age ( β = 1.481; 95% CI: 0.286–2.676; p = .018); IPFP maximal area was positively related to Insall-Salvati ratio ( β = 0.001; 95% CI: 0.0003–0.0017; p = .039), but not associated with patellar translation and patellofemoral angle. In OA patients, IPFP signal was positively associated with cartilage loss ( β = 0.005; 95% CI: 0.003–0.007; p = .013); no correlation between knee pain and IPFP volume or maximal area was observed. Conclusions The metabolism-related function of IPFP, which can be reflected by the IPFP signal, might play a more critical role in OA progression than its structural function.

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“…However, the micro-chamber has many collagen fibers and is less likely to be deformed by changes in pressure. Studies using 3D models have reported that the IFP is extruded into the condyle of the femur and moves anteriorly and inferiorly during knee extension [11]. Therefore, it is thought that the micro-chamber, which has little morphological change, glides forward and changes the pressure exerted by the condyle of the femur during knee extension.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Several reports have used MRI and 3D models to evaluate the IFP [10,11]. While these methods can be used to confirm accurate information, they are time-consuming to evaluate.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Difference in Movement between Superficial and Deep Parts of the Infrapatellar Fat Pad during Knee Extension

Nakanishi

Morimoto

Kitano

et al. 2021

JFMK

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(1): The superficial and deep parts of the infrapatellar fat pat (IFP) have different morphological and functional characteristics. Knee pain often occurs during movement, and it is important to clarify the movement of the IFP during knee joint movement. The purpose of this study is to clarify that the movement of the superficial and deep parts of the IFP are different during knee extension in vivo using ultrasonography (US). (2): US was performed on 15 knees of 15 healthy adults. The probe was placed longitudinally at the center of the patellar tendon and the IFP was imaged. Measurements were taken during active extension of the knee from 90 degrees to 10 degrees of knee flexion at a rate of 30 times/min. The captured US videos were analyzed using Flow particle image velocimetry (Flow PIV) fluid measurement software. The region-of-interest (ROI) was set at the superficial part and the deep part of the IFP, and the flow velocity was calculated for each. (3): The flow velocity of the deep part (1.37 ± 0.13 cm/s) of the IFP was significantly faster than that of the superficial part (0.80 ± 0.23 cm/s). (4): Our results show that the flow velocity of the IFP is different between the superficial and deep parts and that US may be a better assessment tool for the movement of the IFP.

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Movement and volume of infrapatellar fat pad and knee kinematics during quasi-static knee extension at 30 and 0° flexion in young healthy individuals

Cited by 14 publications

References 19 publications

Effects of isometric contraction of the quadriceps on the hardness and blood flow in the infrapatellar fat pad

Effects of isometric contraction of the quadriceps on the hardness and blood flow in the infrapatellar fat pad

Increased signal intensity, not volume variation of infrapatellar fat pad in knee osteoarthritis: A cross-sectional study based on high-resolution magnetic resonance imaging

Difference in Movement between Superficial and Deep Parts of the Infrapatellar Fat Pad during Knee Extension

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