Movement and remediation of trichloroethylene in a saturated heterogeneous porous medium

Oostrom, Mart; Hofstee, C.; Walker, Roland; Dane, J. H.

doi:10.1016/s0169-7722(98)00153-3

Cited by 81 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 37 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“… Kueper and Frind [1991a] validated a two‐phase flow model in both time and space for drainage conditions only. Oostrom et al [1999] obtained only qualitative agreement between their model and the redistribution stage of their experiment. No model has been sufficiently validated for imbibition and immobilization processes for DNAPL below the water table to date.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 90%

“…Simulating the timescales and physical patterns of dense, nonaqueous phase liquid (DNAPL) infiltration, redistribution, and immobilization in saturated porous media requires a constitutive model that is validated for the relevant local scale phenomena. Numerous physical experiments of DNAPL migration have been conducted in the laboratory [e.g., Schwille , 1988; Kueper et al , 1989; Illangasekare et al , 1995; Oostrom et al , 1999] and in the field [ Kueper et al , 1993; Brewster et al , 1995]. Kueper and Frind [1991a] validated a two‐phase flow model in both time and space for drainage conditions only.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Capillary pressure characteristics necessary for simulating DNAPL infiltration, redistribution, and immobilization in saturated porous media

Gerhard

Kueper

2003

Water Resources Research

104

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

[1] This study presents a capillary-pressure saturation (P C -S) constitutive model that incorporates the capillary phenomena necessary for simulating the spatial distribution of nonwetting fluid migrating in a saturated porous medium. To develop a model validation data set, a sequence of dense, nonaqueous phase liquid (DNAPL) pools were emplaced, under alternating drainage and imbibition conditions, in a one-dimensional, 1 m tall, saturated sand pack. A light transmission/image analysis system successfully distinguished between connected-phase and residual nonwetting fluid in the apparatus, thereby permitting the accurate measurement of DNAPL pool heights. These heights are found to depend on the nonzero capillary pressure across the fluid-fluid interface at the top of the pool. The terminal pressure is demonstrated to be the minimum sustainable capillary pressure in connected-phase nonwetting fluid experiencing imbibition, below which residual is formed. Additional bench-scale experiments demonstrate that a nonwetting phase pool will penetrate an underlying capillary barrier when the entry pressure is exceeded and that the resulting infiltration will terminate when the capillary pressure at the barrier reduces to the terminal pressure. At the macroscopic scale the terminal pressure corresponds to the extinction saturation (i.e., zero nonwetting phase flow) at the inflection point on the imbibition P C -S curve. A ratio of terminal to entry pressure of approximately 0.6 is found to apply at both bench and macroscopic scales and to be independent of porous media and fluid properties. The developed P C -S constitutive model, which extends the Brooks-Corey function to incorporate the terminal pressure, successfully predicted the behavior observed in the laboratory experiments. Constitutive models that do not incorporate both an entry and a terminal pressure, such as those based upon the standard van Genuchten function, are demonstrated to be unable to predict the observed equilibrium DNAPL pool heights in homogeneous media or above capillary barriers.

show abstract

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 90%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Capillary pressure characteristics necessary for simulating DNAPL infiltration, redistribution, and immobilization in saturated porous media

Gerhard

Kueper

2003

Water Resources Research

104

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…In the most recent study (Brusseau et al, 2008), the mass flux of DNAPL from source zones with different geometry and initial saturations was determined as a function of DNAPL mass remaining. DNAPL TCE saturation measurements during surfactant flushing have been used to evaluate removal efficiency as a function of local DNAPL saturation, and to evaluate downward DNAPL migration into fine permeability layers due to a reduction in interfacial tension (Oostrom et al, 1999a, b). They have also been used to help develop a mass transfer correlation for DNAPL dissolution during surfactant flooding (Schaerlaekens and Feyen, 2004).…”

Section: Imaging Applicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In these experiments (Illangasekare et al, 1995a,b; Hofstee et al, 1998a,b; Oostrom et al, 1999a), changes in NAPL saturation were recorded as a function of time at either a transect or at one or more locations of interest. The experiments described by Illangasekare et al (1995a) involved LNAPL infiltration into homogenous and layered systems with moving groundwater due to an imposed hydraulic gradient.…”

Section: Imaging Applicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The intensity of gamma rays exiting the sample is related to the properties of the fluid, and this can be calibrated to quantify the liquid distribution in the section analyzed. In contaminant hydrology, gamma-radiation has primarily been used to quantify the water and nonaqueous phase liquid (NAPL) saturations in porous media (e.g., Oostrom et al, 1990, 1999a; Illangasekare et al, 1995a; Brusseau et al, 2000; Jalbert et al, 2003; Ferré et al, 2005). In some cases, the gamma radiation source and detector were fixed to a moving table that traversed the height and length of the 2D flow cell.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

A review of non-invasive imaging methods and applications in contaminant hydrogeology research

Werth

Zhang

Brusseau

et al. 2010

Journal of Contaminant Hydrology

180

115

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Diffusive mass exchange of non-reactive substances in dual-porosity porous systems - column experiments under saturated conditions

et al. 2015

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Abstract:Diffusive mass exchange into immobile water regions within heterogeneous porous aquifers influences the fate of solutes. The percentage of immobile water is often unidentified in natural aquifers though. Hence, the mathematical prediction of solute transport in such heterogeneous aquifers remains challenging. The objective of this study was to find a simple analytical model approach that allows quantifying properties of mobile and immobile water regions and the portion of immobile water in a porous system. Therefore, the Single Fissure Dispersion Model (SFDM), which takes into account diffusive mass exchange between mobile and immobile water zones, was applied to model transport in well-defined saturated dual-porosity column experiments. Direct and indirect model validation was performed by running experiments at different flow velocities and using conservative tracer with different molecular diffusion coefficients. In another column setup, immobile water regions were randomly distributed to test the model applicability and to determine the portion of immobile water. In all setups, the tracer concentration curves showed differences in normalized maximum peak concentration, tailing and mass recovery according to their diffusion coefficients. These findings were more pronounced at lower flow rates (larger flow times) indicating the dependency of diffusive mass exchange into immobile water regions on tracers' molecular diffusion coefficients. The SFDM simulated all data with high model efficiency. Successful model validation supported the physical meaning of fitted model parameters. This study showed that the SFDM, developed for fissured aquifers, is applicable in porous media and can be used to determine porosity and volume of regions with immobile water.

show abstract

Movement and remediation of trichloroethylene in a saturated heterogeneous porous medium

Cited by 81 publications

References 37 publications

Capillary pressure characteristics necessary for simulating DNAPL infiltration, redistribution, and immobilization in saturated porous media

Capillary pressure characteristics necessary for simulating DNAPL infiltration, redistribution, and immobilization in saturated porous media

A review of non-invasive imaging methods and applications in contaminant hydrogeology research

Diffusive mass exchange of non-reactive substances in dual-porosity porous systems - column experiments under saturated conditions

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About