Movement abnormalities and the progression of prodromal symptomatology in adolescents at risk for psychotic disorders.

Mittal, Vijay A.; Tessner, Kevin D.; Trottman, Hanan D.; Esterberg, Michelle L.; Dhruv, Shivali H.; Simeonova, Diana I.; McMillan, Amanda; Murphy, Erin; Saczawa, Mary E.; Walker, Elaine F.

doi:10.1037/0021-843x.116.2.260

Cited by 59 publications

(66 citation statements)

References 48 publications

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“…These findings were corroborated by structured analyses of childhood home videos that revealed increased neuromotor abnormalities and poorer motor skills in subjects who were later diagnosed with schizophrenia compared to their healthy siblings [230]. In fact, abnormal movements were predictive of conversion to psychosis in adolescents at risk (mean age, 14.5 years) [231]. …”

Section: Neurobiology Of the Motor System In Schizophreniasupporting

confidence: 52%

Motor Symptoms and Schizophrenia

Walther¹,

Strik²

2012

Neuropsychobiology

291

233

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Classical schizophrenia literature reports motor symptoms as characteristic of the disorder. After the introduction of neuroleptic drugs, the existence of genuine motor disorders was challenged. Renewed interest arose as symptoms were found in never-medicated patients. Reports focused on abnormal involuntary movements, parkinsonism, neurological soft signs, catatonia, negative symptoms, or psychomotor slowing. Since these syndromes refer to different concepts, however, the definitions are not congruent and the symptoms overlap. The prevalence rates of motor symptoms in schizophrenia are surprisingly high, and recent studies indicate a possible pathobiology. In particular, the development and maturation of the human motor system appears to be closely linked to the emergence of motor symptoms observed in schizophrenia. Post-mortem and neuroimaging results demonstrated aberrant structure and function of premotor and motor cortices, basal ganglia, thalamus, and the connecting white matter tracts. Animal models have focused on aberrant neurotransmission and genetic contributions. Findings of localized abnormal oligodendrocyte function and myelination point to the special role of the white matter in schizophrenia, and recent studies specifically found an association between motor abnormalities and white matter structure in schizophrenia. This review of the literature supports the idea that motor symptoms are closely related to the neurodevelopmental disturbances of schizophrenia and a distinct syndromal dimension with its own pathophysiology.

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Section: Neurobiology Of the Motor System In Schizophreniasupporting

confidence: 52%

Motor Symptoms and Schizophrenia

Walther¹,

Strik²

2012

Neuropsychobiology

291

233

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“…However, it is important that future research investigate whether the Weather Prediction Task is specifically associated with impairment in the associative striatum in psychosis risk. Furthermore, while the associative striatum, in terms of regions of the striatum, has been arguably most strongly implicated in psychosis, other regions of the striatum have also been implicated in psychosis (e.g., Mittal et al, 2007). …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Examining associations between psychosis risk, social anhedonia, and performance of striatum-related behavioral tasks.

Karcher¹,

Martin²,

Kerns³

2015

Journal of Abnormal Psychology

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Both psychosis and anhedonia have been associated to some extent with striatal functioning. The current study examined whether either psychosis risk or social anhedonia was associated with performance on three tasks related to striatal functioning. Psychosis risk participants had extremely elevated Perceptual Aberration/Magical Ideation (PerMag) scores (n=69), with 43% of psychosis risk participants also having semi-structured interview-assessed psychotic-like experiences which further heightens their risk of psychotic disorder (Chapman, Chapman, Kwapil, Eckblad, & Zinser, 1994). Compared to both extremely elevated Social Anhedonia (n=60) and control (n=68) groups, the PerMag group exhibited poorer performance on two of the striatum-related tasks, the Weather Prediction Task (WPT) and the Learned Irrelevance Paradigm, but not on Finger Tapping. In addition, PerMag participants with psychotic-like experiences were especially impaired on the WPT. Overall, this study arguably provides the first evidence that psychosis risk but not social anhedonia is associated with performance on the WPT, a task thought to be strongly associated with activation in the associative striatum, and also suggests that the WPT might be especially useful as a behavioral measure of psychosis risk.

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“…However, to the best of our knowledge, there have been no MRI studies investigating whether NSS are associated with certain LGI characteristics in schizophrenia patients. Since NSS may serve as external markers of psychosis vulnerability [17][18][19], clarification of the brain structure underlying NSS is crucial for a further understanding of developing schizophrenia.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%