Mouse zygotes as recipients in embryo cloning

Gręda, Paweł; Karasiewicz, Jolanta; Modliński, Jacek A.

doi:10.1530/rep.1.01204

Cited by 60 publications

(52 citation statements)

References 60 publications

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“…Intriguingly, these experiments showed that the configuration of chromatin itself is not essential for full development of SN oocytes, but instead some unidentified material in the nucleus is required (INOUE et al 2008). This observation is consistent with earlier reports showing that unidentified non-chromosomal material present in the GVs and pronuclei is crucial for progression through both oocyte meiosis (POLANSKI et al 2005;HOFFMANN et al 2006) as well as through the earliest cell cycles of embryonic development (WAKAYAMA et al 2000;GREDA et al 2006;EGLI et al 2007). Indeed, INOUE and colleagues (2008) observed differences in the nucleolar organisation in the pronuclei of the zygotes obtained through fertilisation of NSN and SN oocytes.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Prediction of Developmentally Competent Chromatin Conformation in Mouse Antral Oocytes

Daszkiewicz¹,

Szymoniak²,

Gąsior³

et al. 2016

folia biol (krakow)

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DASZKIEWICZ R., SZYMONIAK M., G¥SIOR £., POLAÑSKI Z. 2016. Prediction of developmentally competent chromatin conformation in mouse antral oocytes. Folia Biologica (Kraków) 64: 59-65.Mouse prophase oocytes isolated from antral follicles may possess two alternative types of chromatin configuration: NSN configuration represents more dispersed chromatin and is characteristic mainly for growing oocytes whereas SN configuration, attained upon oocyte growth, comprises more condensed chromatin with a significant fraction concentrated around the nucleolus. Importantly, fully grown oocytes isolated from antral follicles represent a non-homogenous population in which some oocytes posses NSN-type and others SN-type of chromatin conformation. From these two, only oocytes with SN configuration are able to complete full development upon fertilization. We show that among mouse oocytes isolated from antral follicles, those surrounded by cumulus cells were larger and more frequently possessed SN chromatin than oocytes lacking the complete cumulus cell layer. Females primed with PMSG gave a higher number of oocytes with a complete layer of cumulus cells and the frequency of oocytes with SN chromatin was also elevated. Within the whole population of isolated antral oocytes, we observed subtle variation in size which allowed fractionation of oocytes under a stereomicroscope into groups representing oocytes of slightly different sizes. The occurrence of SN chromatin configuration was highly dependent on the oocyte size and its frequency increased gradually in subsequent size groups reaching 95-100% in the group representing the largest oocytes. These findings demonstrate that the subtle differences in the size of antral oocytes allow prediction of the status of their chromatin, thus providing a simple, fast, non-invasive and non-expensive way to select good quality oocytes for ART purposes in mammals.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Prediction of Developmentally Competent Chromatin Conformation in Mouse Antral Oocytes

Daszkiewicz¹,

Szymoniak²,

Gąsior³

et al. 2016

folia biol (krakow)

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“…Components of the transplanted somatic nuclear chromatin are replaced by egg or oocyte components. It has been shown that nuclear components of the egg or oocyte are necessary for successful reprogramming following nuclear transfer in both mammalian and amphibian species 11,16,24,25 .…”

Section: Changes In Chromosomal Proteinsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mechanisms of nuclear reprogramming by eggs and oocytes: a deterministic process?

Jullien

Pasque²,

Halley-Stott³

et al. 2011

Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol

103

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Differentiated cells can be experimentally reprogrammed back to pluripotency by nuclear transfer, cell fusion or induced pluripotent stem cell technology. Nuclear transfer and cell fusion can lead to efficient reprogramming of gene expression. The egg and oocyte reprogramming process includes the exchange of somatic proteins for oocyte proteins, the post-translational modification of histones and the demethylation of DNA. These events occur in an ordered manner and on a defined timescale, indicating that reprogramming by nuclear transfer and by cell fusion rely on deterministic processes.The remarkable stability of cell differentiation under normal conditions can be reversed experimentally by nuclear transfer, cell fusion and induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cell technology [1][2][3][4][5] . This provides an opportunity to generate pluripotent embryonic cells from adult cells of the same individual and hence opens the possibilit y of cell replacement without the need for immunosuppression.iPS cell technology makes use of the overexpression of transcription factors (FIG. 1a) and has been extensively reviewed, so it is not discussed in detail [6][7][8][9] . To generate entirely unrelated cell types by iPS cell technology, treated cells must be grown for multiple cell divisions over a long period of time (up to 3 weeks). By contrast, nuclear transfer and cell fusion do not involve the overexpression of new genes, and instead make use of natura components present in eggs and some early embryos to initiate new transcription.There are two kinds of nuclear transfer experiments: egg-NT involves the transfer of a single somatic nucleus to an unfertilize d enucleated egg (in both mammals and amphibians) 1 (FIG. 1b); and ooc-NT involves the transplantation of multiple somatic cell nuclei into the germinal vesicle (the nucleus) of a growing meiotic prophase amphibian oocyte (an immature egg) 10 (FIG. 1c). Note that the terms egg and oocyte refer to different developmental stages in amphibians and mammals: amphibian eggs are in metaphase II of meiosis, which is equivalent to mouse metaphase II stage oocytes, whereas their immediate precursors, oocytes, are blocked in meiotic prophase I, which is equivalent to mouse germinal vesicle stage oocytes.© 2011 Macmillan Publishers Limited. All rights reserved Correspondence to J.B.G.j.gurdon@gurdon.cam.ac.uk. Competing interests statementThe authors declare no competing financial interests. There are important differences between the two types of nuclear transfer experimen t. Extensive cell division takes place in egg-NT experiments, and functional new cell types appear as the nuclear transplant embryo develops. By contrast, in ooc-NT experiments, no new cell types are formed, and neither the oocyte nor the introduced nuclei divide, but there is a direct transition from nuclei of differentiated cells to reprogrammed nuclei that transcribe pluripotency genes. Analysis of the mechanism of reprogramming (which involves transcription of pluripotency and other genes) in egg-NT expe...

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“…Both the meiotic maturation of the mouse oocyte and the first embryonic cell cycle occur in the absence of transcription, i.e., under the control of maternal factors accumulated during oocyte growth (Oh et al 2000, Wang et al 2004, with exception to certain rare transcripts appearing in the late zygote (Ram & Schultz 1993, Bouniol et al 1995. Both in the maturing oocyte as well as in the one-cell embryo the cell-cycle progression is controlled in a similar way by yet unidentified factors located in the cell nucleus (Polanski et al 2005, Greda et al 2006, Hoffmann et al 2006, Mohammed et al 2008. Last but not the least, certain discrete similarities in regulation of the M-phases in oocytes (MPF activation/inactivation and related phenomena as M-phase duration or cytoskeleton activities) and one-cell and two-cell embryos were also reported (Ciemerych et al 1999, Kubiak & Ciemerych 2001, Sikora-Polaczek et al 2006.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spindle assembly checkpoint-related failure perturbs early embryonic divisions and reduces reproductive performance of LT/Sv mice

Maciejewska

Polanski²,

Kisiel³

et al. 2009

Reproduction

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The phenotype of the LT/Sv strain of mice is manifested by abnormalities in oocyte meiotic cell-cycle, spontaneous parthenogenetic activation, teratomas formation, and frequent occurrence of embryonic triploidy. These abnormalities lead to the low rate of reproductive success. Recently, metaphase I arrest of LT/Sv oocytes has been attributed to the inability to timely inactivate the spindle assembly checkpoint (SAC). As differences in meiotic and mitotic SAC functioning were described, it remains obscure whether this abnormality is limited to the meiosis or also impinges on the mitotic divisions of LT/Sv embryos. Here, we show that a failure to inactivate SAC affects mitoses during preimplantation development of LT/Sv embryos. This is manifested by the prolonged localization of MAD2L1 on kinetochores of mitotic chromosomes and abnormally lengthened early embryonic M-phases. Moreover, LT/Sv embryos exhibit elevated frequency of abnormal chromosome separation during the first mitotic division. These abnormalities participate in severe impairment of preimplantation development and significantly decrease the reproductive success of this strain of mice. Thus, the common meiosis and mitosis SAC-related failure participates in a complex LT/Sv phenotype. Reproduction (2009) 137 931-942

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Mouse zygotes as recipients in embryo cloning

Cited by 60 publications

References 60 publications

Prediction of Developmentally Competent Chromatin Conformation in Mouse Antral Oocytes

Prediction of Developmentally Competent Chromatin Conformation in Mouse Antral Oocytes

Mechanisms of nuclear reprogramming by eggs and oocytes: a deterministic process?

Spindle assembly checkpoint-related failure perturbs early embryonic divisions and reduces reproductive performance of LT/Sv mice

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