Mouse orthologs of human olfactory-like receptors expressed in the tongue

Gaudin, Jean-Charles; Breuils, L.; Haertlé, Thomas

doi:10.1016/j.gene.2006.06.006

Cited by 17 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 26 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…This conclusion is illustrated in Table 2, which gives both the EC50 and the percentage of Emax . The power-scaled pEC 50 , which estimates differences in potency between each pair of parent-isotopologue compounds, is within the SE and likewise for the percentage of maximum response (where 100% is taken to be the response to the endogenous 5-HT ligand). Therefore, no significant ligandbinding or activation (due to either ligand-receptor or ligandreceptor-G protein interactions) effects were found.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Fig. 4 Gq calcium flux 50 and Emax represent the average and SE of the mean (SEM) from three independent experiments performed in triplicate. Emax is defined as percentage of 5-HT maximum response.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Furthermore, ORs maintain up to 40% genetic similarity with rhodopsin (43). Additionally, ORs appear within areas of mammalian corpus that have no olfactory capacity (44)(45)(46)(47)(48)(49)(50)(51)(52)(53)(54)(55). We therefore hypothesize that due to functional and morphological similarities, if ORs are activated through an ET mechanism, other GPCRs share the same fundamental mechanism.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Experimental evaluation of the generalized vibrational theory of G protein-coupled receptor activation

Hoehn

Nichols

McCorvy

et al. 2017

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Recently, an alternative theory concerning the method by which olfactory proteins are activated has garnered attention. This theory proposes that the activation of olfactory G protein-coupled receptors occurs by an inelastic electron tunneling mechanism that is mediated through the presence of an agonist with an appropriate vibrational state to accept the inelastic portion of the tunneling electron's energy. In a recent series of papers, some suggestive theoretical evidence has been offered that this theory may be applied to nonolfactory G protein- O lfaction-and other chemo-sensitive sensory processes-is an important information-gathering technique for organisms of many clades and kingdoms. Specifically, human olfaction is known to occur by activation of olfactory receptors (ORs)-a subclass of G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs)-located within the nasal epithelium and mediating responses within the olfactory bulb, where it is encoded and conveys information to the amygdala, the orbitofrontal cortex, and the hippocampus (1, 2). The discovery and the cloning of ORs led to the joint 2004 Nobel Prize in Physiology and Medicine to Richard Axel and Linda Buck. (3) GPCRs are 7-helical transmembrane proteins, facilitating communication from extracellular ligand signals to the cellular interior through activation of (interior) G proteins, while maintaining the integrity of the membrane (4). GPCRs are activated by an appropriate agonist moving into the protein's orthosteric binding site, resulting in a conformational change within the helical bundle. This structural change leads to altered conformations of the intracellular loops that couple to appropriate signaling molecules within the cell, e.g., G proteins. A recent series of papers has experimentally determined activated/inactivated states through isotopic-tagged receptors with NMR spectroscopy (5-7). An additional work used molecular dynamics to provide structural insights into how the agonist may assist the interchange between conformations through several proposed peptide sidechain pathways by examining the structures of the activated and inactivated µ-opioid receptor (8). Additionally, photon-induced conformational changes in lightsensitive proteins have also been observed (9, 10).Recently, an iteration of the vibrational theory of olfaction (VTO)-suggested and advocated by Luca Turin (11, 12)-has arisen and has gained both supporters (13-16) and detractors (17, 18); the novelty of this incarnation of the VTO is ascribable to its nonthermal-and nonphoton-based mechanism. Turin's theory is a contemporary reincarnation of the more classical theory proposed by Dyson (19), Wright (20), and Wright and Serenius (21), where the activation of the olfactory receptor is performed-or sensitive to-the molecular vibrations of the olfactant. Dyson suggested that the molecular vibrations of the agonist were exactly responsible for the activation of the protein. These vibrations were entirely thermally excited, as no mechanism for photoexcitation is available within the body. Th...

show abstract

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Experimental evaluation of the generalized vibrational theory of G protein-coupled receptor activation

Hoehn

Nichols

McCorvy

et al. 2017

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The mouse orthologs of the human tongue ORs were identified and the expression of these orthologs was studied in three types of mouse papillae (circumvallate, fungiform, foliate) utilizing RT-PCR. Only MOR262-1, ortholog of HTPCR06/OR2K2 was expressed in mouse tongue tissues enriched in circumvallate, foliate, fungiform of tongue muscle as well as in the olfactory epithelium (45).…”

Section: Ectopic Olfactory Receptor Expressionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Olfactory receptors in non-chemosensory tissues

Kang¹,

Koo²

2012

BMB Reports

185

158

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Olfactory receptors (ORs) detect volatile chemicals that lead to the initial perception of smell in the brain. The olfactory receptor (OR) is the first protein that recognizes odorants in the olfactory signal pathway and it is present in over 1,000 genes in mice. It is also the largest member of the G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs). Most ORs are extensively expressed in the nasal olfactory epithelium where they perform the appropriate physiological functions that fit their location. However, recent whole-genome sequencing shows that ORs have been found outside of the olfactory system, suggesting that ORs may play an important role in the ectopic expression of non-chemosensory tissues. The ectopic expressions of ORs and their physiological functions have attracted more attention recently since MOR23 and testicular hOR17-4 have been found to be involved in skeletal muscle development, regeneration, and human sperm chemotaxis, respectively. When identifying additional expression profiles and functions of ORs in non-olfactory tissues, there are limitations posed by the small number of antibodies available for similar OR genes. This review presents the results of a research series that identifies ectopic expressions and functions of ORs in non-chemosensory tissues to provide insight into future research directions. [BMB Reports 2012; 45(11): 612-622]

show abstract

“…Moreover, the expression of several predicted OR genes has been detected in non-olfactory tissues, suggesting that a subset of predicted OR genes could have functions unrelated to olfaction. Indeed, expression of OR transcripts has been described in various tissues, including testis and spermatozoa [19], [21]–[26], prostate [27]–[30], enterochromaffin cells [6], pulmonary neuroendocrine cells [31], brain [32]–[35], tongue [36]–[38], erythroid cells [39], placenta [40], breast [41] and kidney [42]. In addition, systematic expression profiling of ORs in non-olfactory tissues using EST data, microarray or deep sequencing analysis [43]–[45] have shown that a large number of putative human OR genes are expressed in these tissues.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Profiling of Olfactory Receptor Gene Expression in Whole Human Olfactory Mucosa

Verbeurgt

Wilkin²,

Tarabichi³

et al. 2014

PLoS ONE

116

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Olfactory perception is mediated by a large array of olfactory receptor genes. The human genome contains 851 olfactory receptor gene loci. More than 50% of the loci are annotated as nonfunctional due to frame-disrupting mutations. Furthermore haplotypic missense alleles can be nonfunctional resulting from substitution of key amino acids governing protein folding or interactions with signal transduction components. Beyond their role in odor recognition, functional olfactory receptors are also required for a proper targeting of olfactory neuron axons to their corresponding glomeruli in the olfactory bulb. Therefore, we anticipate that profiling of olfactory receptor gene expression in whole human olfactory mucosa and analysis in the human population of their expression should provide an opportunity to select the frequently expressed and potentially functional olfactory receptors in view of a systematic deorphanization. To address this issue, we designed a TaqMan Low Density Array (Applied Biosystems), containing probes for 356 predicted human olfactory receptor loci to investigate their expression in whole human olfactory mucosa tissues from 26 individuals (13 women, 13 men; aged from 39 to 81 years, with an average of 67±11 years for women and 63±12 years for men). Total RNA isolation, DNase treatment, RNA integrity evaluation and reverse transcription were performed for these 26 samples. Then 384 targeted genes (including endogenous control genes and reference genes specifically expressed in olfactory epithelium for normalization purpose) were analyzed using the same real-time reverse transcription PCR platform. On average, the expression of 273 human olfactory receptor genes was observed in the 26 selected whole human olfactory mucosa analyzed, of which 90 were expressed in all 26 individuals. Most of the olfactory receptors deorphanized to date on the basis of sensitivity to known odorant molecules, which are described in the literature, were found in the expressed olfactory receptors gene set.

show abstract

Mouse orthologs of human olfactory-like receptors expressed in the tongue

Cited by 17 publications

References 26 publications

Experimental evaluation of the generalized vibrational theory of G protein-coupled receptor activation

Experimental evaluation of the generalized vibrational theory of G protein-coupled receptor activation

Olfactory receptors in non-chemosensory tissues

Profiling of Olfactory Receptor Gene Expression in Whole Human Olfactory Mucosa

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About