1998
DOI: 10.1212/wnl.50.6.1624
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Mouse bioassay versus Western blot assay for botulinurn toxin antibodies Correlation with clinical response

Abstract: The lower specificity of the WBA compared to the MPB suggests that the WBA detects nonblocking antibodies. Eyebrow and frontalis "test" injections correlated well with MPB and WBA results and with clinical responses and may be useful in the evaluation of BTX nonresponders.

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Cited by 118 publications
(96 citation statements)
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“…9 Despite its expanding clinical applications, BoNT's transient effect creates a need for repeated injections that results in immune recognition and consequent tolerance. 10 Further, BoNT cannot be used to treat the brain nuclei that are emerging as targets for therapeutic neural inhibition.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…9 Despite its expanding clinical applications, BoNT's transient effect creates a need for repeated injections that results in immune recognition and consequent tolerance. 10 Further, BoNT cannot be used to treat the brain nuclei that are emerging as targets for therapeutic neural inhibition.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Cases of secondary non-response, however, respond to initial treatment, but over the course of multiple treatment cycles, this effect wanes and is eventually lost. Secondary non-response is partially explained by the formation of neutralizing antibodies, though it is worth noting that there are cases of secondary non-responders without positive antibody titers (Hanna 1998;Lange 2009) as well as cases with positive titers but with an adequate sensitivity to Bt (Brin 2008;). An estimated 4-20% of patients develop neutralizing antibodies to the toxin (Brashear 2008;Fabbri 2015), and if secondary non-responsiveness occurs, it is partially related to the protein load, with higher protein load per dose generating higher antibody titers (Benecke 2012;Frevert 2010).…”
Section: Why It Is Important To Do This Reviewmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Os testes mais utilizados para detecção dos anticorpos são bioensaio do camundongo, teste de neutralização in vivo, imunoprecipitação e western blot 5 . No entanto, nenhum destes apresenta sensibilidade e especificidade satisfatórios.…”
Section: Discussionunclassified