Mountain Building: From Earthquakes to Geologic Deformation

Avouac, Jean-Philippe

doi:10.1016/b978-0-444-53802-4.00120-2

Cited by 49 publications

(92 citation statements)

References 274 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…These active deformation processes are sustained by a steep elevation gradient above the ramp with average elevation rising from about 2000 to 5000 m a.s.l. [62]. This author concluded that this elevation gradient formed in response to ongoing slip along the Main Himalayan thrust rather than being caused by the Late Miocene reactivation of the thrust as suggested by [66].…”

Section: Himalaya Of Nepalmentioning

confidence: 94%

“…Whereas the critical taper theory assumes that the rocks within the wedge are at failure and internal deform of the wedge occurs by imbricate thrusting and folding [77], current deformation within the Himalaya thrust belt is concentrated in one major thrust fault, the Main Himalaya fault [62]. But underplating along the main Himalaya fault and erosion of the Higher Himalaya may maintain a critical taper.…”

Section: Himalaya Of Nepalmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The Main Himalayan thrust forms a ramp beneath the antiform in the northern Lesser Himalaya (the Tamar Khola dome of [70]). As shown by [60,62] this area is characterized by a high seismic activity (shown in Figure 9), which is most likely caused by microseismic slip around the ramp region (and some deformation in the hanging wall and footwall of the Main Himalaya thrust as strain accumulates in the vicinity of the ramp). Simultaneously aseismic creep takes place along the deeper part of the thrust fault.…”

Section: Himalaya Of Nepalmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[64] presents a summary of the metamorphic overprint of the Himalayan rocks. [62] gives an in-depth discussion of the entire thrust belt including geophysical, geodetic and thermochronometric data bearing witness to the recent activity of the Himalaya thrust belt. Generally speaking, four major units are distinguished in the Himalayan thrust belt, from top to bottom: the Tethyan Himalaya, the Greater Himalaya Crystalline complex, the Lesser Himalaya thrust belt and the Sub-Himalaya.…”

Section: Himalaya Of Nepalmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The discussion is centered on a cross section located in the central Himalaya at ~85°E shown (see Figure 9) that is based on [59][60][61][62].…”

Section: Himalaya Of Nepalmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 4 more Smart Citations

Thick-Skinned and Thin-Skinned Tectonics: A Global Perspective

Pfiffner¹

2017

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

This paper gives an overview of the large-scale tectonic styles encountered in orogens worldwide. Thin-skinned and thick-skinned tectonics represents two end member styles recognized in mountain ranges. A thick-skinned tectonic style is typical for margins of continental plates. Thick-skinned style including the entire crust and possibly the lithospheric mantle are associated with intracontinental contraction. Delamination of subducting continental crust and horizontal protrusion of upper plate crust into the opening gap occurs in the terminal stage of continent-continent collision. Continental crust thinned prior to contraction is likely to develop relatively thin thrust sheets of crystalline basement. A true thin-skinned type requires a detachment layer of sufficient thickness. Thickness of the décollement layer as well as the mechanical contrast between décollement layer and detached cover control the style of folding and thrusting within the detached cover units. In subduction related orogens, thin-and thick-skinned deformation may occur several hundreds of kilometers from the plate contact zone. Basin inversion resulting from horizontal contraction may lead to the formation of basement uplifts by the combined reactivation of pre-existing normal faults and initiation of new reverse faults. In composite orogens thick-skinned and thin-skinned structures evolve with a pattern where nappe stacking propagates outward and downward.

show abstract

Section: Himalaya Of Nepalmentioning

confidence: 94%

Section: Himalaya Of Nepalmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Himalaya Of Nepalmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Himalaya Of Nepalmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The discussion is centered on a cross section located in the central Himalaya at ~85°E shown (see Figure 9) that is based on [59][60][61][62].…”

Section: Himalaya Of Nepalmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Thick-Skinned and Thin-Skinned Tectonics: A Global Perspective

Pfiffner¹

2017

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

Isolated regions of remote triggering in South/Southeast Asia following the 2012 M_w 8.6 Indian Ocean earthquake

Bansal

Yao

Peng

et al. 2016

Geophysical Research Letters

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Large earthquakes are capable of triggering either shallow earthquakes or deep tectonic tremors at long‐range distances. So far, most of remotely triggered tremors were found along major plate boundary faults around the Pacific Rim. Here we conduct a systematic search for remotely triggered earthquakes and tremors in South/Southeast Asia following the 11 April 2012 Mw 8.6 Indian Ocean earthquake. We find additional evidence of triggered tectonic tremors beneath the Java Island and the Sulabes Island in Eastern Indonesia and triggered earthquakes in Vietnam. Tremors mostly occurred during the large‐amplitude Rayleigh waves of the Indian Ocean main shock and were also triggered by several other large distant earthquakes. Although we are unable to locate them, they were recorded at stations close to major tectonic faults, suggesting that they are likely of tectonic origin. However, we find no evidence of triggered tremor/earthquakes along the Sumatra subduction zone and eastern portion of Himalaya frontal thrusts, indicating that remote triggering was not as widespread as previously thought.

show abstract

Orogen‐parallel deformation of the Himalayan midcrust: Insights from structural and magnetic fabric analyses of the Greater Himalayan Sequence, Annapurna‐Dhaulagiri Himalaya, central Nepal

et al. 2016

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The metamorphic core of the Himalaya (Greater Himalayan Sequence, GHS), in the Annapurna‐Dhaulagiri region, central Nepal, recorded orogen‐parallel stretching during midcrustal evolution. Anisotropy of magnetic susceptibility and field‐based structural analyses suggest that midcrustal deformation of the amphibolite facies core of the GHS occurred under an oblate/suboblate strain regime with associated formation of low‐angle northward dipping foliation. Magnetic and mineral stretching lineations lying within this foliation from the top of the GHS record right‐lateral orogen‐parallel stretching. We propose that oblate strain within a midcrustal flow accommodated oblique convergence between India and the arcuate orogenic front without the need for strain partitioning in the upper crust. Oblate flattening may have also promoted orogen‐parallel melt migration and development of melt‐depleted regions between km3 scale leucogranite culminations at ~50–100 km intervals along orogen strike. Following the cessation of flow, continued oblique convergence led to upper crustal strain partitioning between orogen‐perpendicular convergence on thrust faults and orogen‐parallel extension on normal and strike‐slip faults. In the Annapurna‐Dhaulagiri Himalaya, orogen‐parallel stretching lineations are interpreted as a record of transition from midcrustal orogen‐perpendicular extrusion to upper crustal orogen‐parallel stretching. Our findings suggest that midcrustal flow and upper crustal extension could not be maintained simultaneously and support other studies from across the Himalaya, which propose an orogen‐wide transition from midcrustal orogen‐perpendicular extrusion to upper crustal orogen‐parallel extension during the mid‐Miocene. The 3‐D nature of oblate strain and orogen‐parallel stretching cannot be replicated by 2‐D numerical simulations of the Himalayan orogen.

show abstract

Mountain Building: From Earthquakes to Geologic Deformation

Cited by 49 publications

References 274 publications

Thick-Skinned and Thin-Skinned Tectonics: A Global Perspective

Thick-Skinned and Thin-Skinned Tectonics: A Global Perspective

Isolated regions of remote triggering in South/Southeast Asia following the 2012 M_w 8.6 Indian Ocean earthquake

Orogen‐parallel deformation of the Himalayan midcrust: Insights from structural and magnetic fabric analyses of the Greater Himalayan Sequence, Annapurna‐Dhaulagiri Himalaya, central Nepal

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About

Mountain Building: From Earthquakes to Geologic Deformation

Cited by 49 publications

References 274 publications

Thick-Skinned and Thin-Skinned Tectonics: A Global Perspective

Thick-Skinned and Thin-Skinned Tectonics: A Global Perspective

Isolated regions of remote triggering in South/Southeast Asia following the 2012 Mw 8.6 Indian Ocean earthquake

Orogen‐parallel deformation of the Himalayan midcrust: Insights from structural and magnetic fabric analyses of the Greater Himalayan Sequence, Annapurna‐Dhaulagiri Himalaya, central Nepal

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About

Isolated regions of remote triggering in South/Southeast Asia following the 2012 M_w 8.6 Indian Ocean earthquake