Mount Logan ice core record of tropical and solar influences on Aleutian Low variability: 500–1998 A.D.

Osterberg, E. C.; Mayewski, Paul Andrew; Fisher, David; Kreutz, K. J.; Maasch, Kirk A.; Sneed, Sharon B.; Kelsey, Eric P.

doi:10.1002/2014jd021847

Cited by 37 publications

(75 citation statements)

References 118 publications

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“…Such large-scale changes in North Pacific pressure patterns have led to significant recent changes in hydroclimatic variables all along the west coast of North America (Belmecheri et al 2016;Diaz and Wahl 2015;Griffin and Anchukaitis 2014). A study by Moore et al (2004) also compares favorably with our results, indicating a long-term increase in snow accumulation at Mount Logan, British Columbia, in western Canada, as does that of Osterberg et al (2014), also using a Mount Logan ice core profile, both of whom found a strong association between snow accumulation and the strength of the Gulf of Alaska low pressure system.…”

Section: Summary and Discussionsupporting

confidence: 77%

A Five-Century Reconstruction of Hawaiian Islands Winter Rainfall

Díaz

Wahl

Zorita³

et al. 2016

Journal of Climate

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Few if any high-resolution (annually resolved) paleoclimate records are available for the Hawaiian Islands prior to ;1850 CE, after which some instrumental records start to become available. This paper shows how atmospheric teleconnection patterns between North America and the northeastern North Pacific (NNP) allow for reconstruction of Hawaiian Islands rainfall using remote proxy information from North America. Based on a newly available precipitation dataset for the state of Hawaii and observed and reconstructed DecemberFebruary (DJF) sea level pressures (SLPs) in the North Pacific Ocean, the authors make use of a strong relationship between winter SLP variability in the northeast Pacific and corresponding DJF Hawaii rainfall variations to reconstruct and evaluate that season's rainfall over the period 1500-2012 CE. A general drying trend, though with substantial decadal and longer-term variability, is evident, particularly during the last ;160 years. Hawaiian Islands rainfall exhibits strong modulation by El Niño-Southern Oscillation (ENSO), as well as in relation to Pacific decadal oscillation (PDO)-like variability. For significant periods of time, the reconstructed large-scale changes in the North Pacific SLP field described here and by construction the long-term decline in Hawaiian winter rainfall are broadly consistent with long-term changes in tropical Pacific sea surface temperature (SST) based on ENSO reconstructions documented in several other studies, particularly over the last two centuries. Also noted are some rather large multidecadal fluctuations in rainfall (and hence in NNP SLP) in the eighteenth century of undetermined provenance.

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Section: Summary and Discussionsupporting

confidence: 77%

A Five-Century Reconstruction of Hawaiian Islands Winter Rainfall

Díaz

Wahl

Zorita³

et al. 2016

Journal of Climate

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“…A number of proxy records from the Bering Sea and adjacent regions, both marine and terrestrial, have been used to characterize paleoclimatic conditions related to changes in the Bering Sea pressure system (e.g., Barron et al, 2003;Anderson et al, 2005;Katsuki et al, 2009;Barron and Anderson, 2011;Osterberg et al, 2014). Various proxies used in these records consistently show that the Aleutian Low was overall weaker in the middle Holocene than in the late Holocene, the opposite of the BSI strength inferred from our Chukchi Sea data (Fig.…”

Section: Causes Of Bsi Variationsmentioning

confidence: 58%

“…The considerable climate variability in the Bering Sea region captured in the upper Holocene records, some of which have a very high temporal resolution, is also closely linked to the pressure system changes (Anderson et al, 2005;Porter, 2013;Osterberg et al, 2014;Steinman et al, 2014). In particular, the weakening of the Aleutian Low is reflected in Alaskan ice (Porter, 2013;Osterberg et al, 2014) and lake cores (Anderson et al, 2005;Steinman et al, 2014) at intervals centered around ca. 2 and 1-0.5 ka, which may correspond to BSI increases in the Chukchi core 01A-GC at ca.…”

Section: Causes Of Bsi Variationsmentioning

confidence: 98%

Holocene dynamics in the Bering Strait inflow to the Arctic and the Beaufort Gyre circulation based on sedimentary records from the Chukchi Sea

et al. 2017

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Abstract. The Beaufort Gyre (BG) and the Bering Strait inflow (BSI) are important elements of the Arctic Ocean circulation system and major controls on the distribution of Arctic sea ice. We report records of the quartz / feldspar and chlorite / illite ratios in three sediment cores from the northern Chukchi Sea, providing insights into the long-term dynamics of the BG circulation and the BSI during the Holocene. The quartz / feldspar ratio, interpreted as a proxy of the BG strength, gradually decreased during the Holocene, suggesting a long-term decline in the BG strength, consistent with an orbitally controlled decrease in summer insolation. We propose that the BG rotation weakened as a result of the increasing stability of sea-ice cover at the margins of the Canada Basin, driven by decreasing insolation. Millennial to multi-centennial variability in the quartz / feldspar ratio (the BG circulation) is consistent with fluctuations in solar irradiance, suggesting that solar activity affected the BG strength on these timescales. The BSI approximation by the chlorite / illite record, despite a considerable geographic variability, consistently shows intensified flow from the Bering Sea to the Arctic during the middle Holocene, which is attributed primarily to the effect of higher atmospheric pressure over the Aleutian Basin. The intensified BSI was associated with decrease in sea-ice concentrations and increase in marine production, as indicated by biomarker concentrations, suggesting a major influence of the BSI on sea-ice and biological conditions in the Chukchi Sea. Multi-century to millennial fluctuations, presumably controlled by solar activity, were also identified in a proxy-based BSI record characterized by the highest age resolution.

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“…High-salinity snow blowing from the sea-ice surface has also been implicated as a significant source of polar sea-salt aerosol (Yang and others, 2008;Levine and others, 2014), which would likewise create a positive correlation between 2Barrel sea-salt and sea-ice concentration. The bursting of white cap bubbles on the open ocean, in proportion to average wind speeds, has also been interpreted as a key seasalt source at other ice-core sites (Fischer and others, 2007;Osterberg and others, 2014), but would likely result in a negative correlation with sea-ice concentration. It is likely that all these sources contribute in some proportion to 2Barrel sea-salt flux, and consequently sea salt is not as sensitive a sea-ice proxy as MSA or d-excess at the 2Barrel site.…”

Section: Msa-climate Relationshipsmentioning

confidence: 99%