Moulting and growth in serolid isopods

Luxmoore, Richard

doi:10.1016/0022-0981(81)90008-3

Cited by 35 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…Thus, GP in benthic invertebrates seems to be independent of body mass, whereas annual gonad production is positively related to body mass, indicating that a n increase in gonad output may be one of the evolutionary advantages of larger body size. Kemp et al (1985) Rhepoxynius abronius Crustacea 0.0062 283.5 0.361 Luxmoore (1981Luxmoore ( , 1982Luxmoore ( . 1985 As indicated by Fig.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Temperature and reproductive metabolism in macrobenthic populations

Brey

1995

Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser.

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Clarke (1987; Mar Ecol Prog Ser 38:89-99) analysed the effects of variation in maintenance metabolic costs with temperature on reproductive metabolism in poikilotherrnic animals. Based on model calculations, he concluded that annual mass-speclfic gonad production (GP) and the share of assimilated energy used for reproductive purposes (RE) are affected in opposite ways by temperature.In animals of similar size and ecology either GP wdl decrease with decreasing temperature if RE remains constant or RE will increase with decreasing temperature If GP remains constant. Empirical data on productivity of marine benthic invertebrate populations suggest that the evolutionary adaptation of gonad n~etabolisn~ tends toward changing GP and maintaining RE independent of temperature.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Temperature and reproductive metabolism in macrobenthic populations

Brey

1995

Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser.

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“…Thus, although giants occur in most habitats, they are more common at the poles. In isopods of the cosmopolitan genus Serolis, maximum body size increased with latitude and no small-bodied species occurred in the Southern Ocean (Fig.4) (Luxmoore, 1982).…”

Section: Who Are the Giants?mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Polar gigantism has been reported among many taxa of marine organisms, including copepods (Hop et al, 2006), pteropod molluscs (Weslawski et al, 2009), cephalopod molluscs (Rosa andSiebel, 2010), ctenophores (Barnes, 2005) (Fig.1), chaetognaths (MacLaren, 1966), foraminiferans (Mikhalevich, 2004), amphipod crustaceans (DeBroyer, 1977), isopod crustaceans (Menzies and George, 1968;Luxmoore, 1982), sponges ( Fig.2) (Dayton and Robillard, 1971), polychaete annelids (Hartman, 1964), echinoderms (Dahm, 1996) and pycnogonids (sea spiders; Fig.3) (Child, 1995). Polar gigantism has also been reported from the fossil record [trilobites (Gutiérrez-Marco et al, 2009)].…”

Section: Who Are the Giants?mentioning

confidence: 99%

Why might they be giants? Towards an understanding of polar gigantism

Moran

Woods

2012

Journal of Experimental Biology

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SummaryBeginning with the earliest expeditions to the poles, over 100years ago, scientists have compiled an impressive list of polar taxa whose body sizes are unusually large. This phenomenon has become known as ʻpolar gigantismʼ. In the intervening years, biologists have proposed a multitude of hypotheses to explain polar gigantism. These hypotheses run the gamut from invoking release from physical and physiological constraints, to systematic changes in developmental trajectories, to community-level outcomes of broader ecological and evolutionary processes. Here we review polar gigantism and emphasize two main problems. The first is to determine the true strength and generality of this pattern: how prevalent is polar gigantism across taxonomic units? Despite many published descriptions of polar giants, we still have a poor grasp of whether these species are unusual outliers or represent more systematic shifts in distributions of body size. Indeed, current data indicate that some groups show gigantism at the poles whereas others show nanism. The second problem is to identify underlying mechanisms or processes that could drive taxa, or even just allow them, to evolve especially large body size. The contenders are diverse and no clear winner has yet emerged. Distinguishing among the contenders will require better sampling of taxa in both temperate and polar waters and sustained efforts by comparative physiologists and evolutionary ecologists in a strongly comparative framework.

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“…Important studies of small species have included those of the prosobranch Laevilacunaria antarctica [Picken, 1979], and the two philobryid bivalves Lissarca miliaris [Richardson, 1979] and Lissarca notorcadensis [Brey and Hain , 1992]. [Clarke and Laklwni, 1979], the philobryid bivalve Lissarca miliaris [Richardson, 1979], the prosohranch Laevilacunaria antarctica [Picken, 1979] and seroM iS0podS [Luxmoore, 1982].…”

Section: Growth Ratementioning

confidence: 99%

Marine benthic populations in Antarctica: Patterns and processes

Clarke¹

1996

Foundations for Ecological Research West of the Antarctic Peninsula

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Sampling difficulties have meant that there have been more studies of population patterns than of processes in Antarctic benthos, but a number of generalizations can be made. Benthic marine invenebrates in Antarctica have species/abundance relationships similar to those found in temperate or tropical regions but, several striking examples of gigantism notwithstanding. most species are small. Diversity is generally high, particularly in comparison with the Arctic, although some taxa (for example molluscs) are low in diversity when compared with temperate or tropicaJ faunas. Most species produce larger eggs than related non-polar species, and embryonic development is typically slow. Although the Southern Ocean contains fewer taxa reproducing by feeding pelagic larvae than elsewhere, such larvae are by no means absent. Somewhat paradoxically, these larvae are often released in winter. Post-juvenile growth rates are typically slow, and recruitment rates are slow and episodic. The low temperature slows many biological processes, but other factors are also involved. Ice is an irnponant factor in many biological processes, and the recently described sub-decadal variability in the e"tent of winter sea-ice is likely to e"ert a profound influence on benthic ceo10gica1 processes in Antarctica. I, INTRODUCTIONIt has long been traditional in ecology to draw a distinction between the study of pattern and process. These two complementary approaches provide different infonnation, and require different techniques. In particular studies of ecological processes require time, and in Antarctica, where many ecological processes take place slowly, such studies are necessarily long-tenn. The particular difficulties of ecological research in Antarctica mean that most studies have been directed at understanding ecological patterns; studies of ecological processes have been less common, although a few generalizations can be made.Aspects of the biology of Antarctic benthic organisms have been reviewed regularly during the past twenty years [Hedgpeth, 1971;Dell, 1972;Clarke, 1983;White, 1984;Dayton, 1990; Arntz et 01., 1994, in press] _ In this review I shall therefore concentrate on selected features of panicular interest to the Antarctic Peninsula area. Distributional patterns are discussed elsewhere [Clarke, this volume]; in this chapter I shall concentrate on species/abundance patterns and diversity. For ecological processes I shall discuss reproductive ecology, settlement, growth rate and the influences of temperature and sea-ice.

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Moulting and growth in serolid isopods

Cited by 35 publications

References 23 publications

Temperature and reproductive metabolism in macrobenthic populations

Temperature and reproductive metabolism in macrobenthic populations

Why might they be giants? Towards an understanding of polar gigantism

Marine benthic populations in Antarctica: Patterns and processes

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