Mou Zongsan on Confucian Autonomy and Subjectivity: From Transcendental Philosophy to Transcendent Metaphysics

Shi, Weimin

doi:10.1007/s11712-015-9434-1

Dao

2015

DOI: 10.1007/s11712-015-9434-1

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Mou Zongsan on Confucian Autonomy and Subjectivity: From Transcendental Philosophy to Transcendent Metaphysics

Weimin Shi

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2017

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“…It seems, as I discuss in this paper, that Kantian autonomy does not allow some of the essential characteristics of Confucian agency. For example, according to Shi (), Mou Zongsan, even though his Kantian interpretation of Confucian philosophy, explains Confucian moral autonomy not through universal reason but through moral feelings.…”

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Moral agency, autonomy, and heteronomy in early Confucian philosophy

Seok

2017

Philosophy Compass

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This paper discusses Confucian notions of moral autonomy and moral agency that do not follow strict and ideal notions of autonomy that one can find in many Western theories of moral philosophy. In Kantian deontology, for example, one's autonomy, specifically one's rational will to follow universal moral rules, is a necessary condition of moral agency and moral responsibility. In Confucian moral philosophy, however, this type of strict moral autonomy is rarely observed. A Confucian moral agent is often depicted as a partially heteronomous individual who often accepts and follows others' moral authority and considers external contingencies in her moral deliberations. Yet active moral agency is maintained in Confucian philosophy. In this paper, I will explain and analyze a partially heteronomous but active form of moral agency in Confucian moral philosophy. First, I will survey different notions of moral autonomy and explore philosophical theories of partial autonomy and heteronomy. Second, I will discuss, on the basis of interactive, responsive, and situated notions of the self, how Confucian moral agency can be explained without strict standards of autonomy. In Confucianism, morality or virtuosity reflects the relational, responsive, and situated nature of human being that resonates with other human beings and their environmental contingencies. Mencius, for example, acknowledges and discusses interactive or relational nature of moral action and the dependency of the moral self on external conditions of life without giving up active moral effort and full moral responsibility. Third, based on my analysis of moral autonomy and responsibility in early Confucian philosophy, I will argue that Confucian moral philosophy provides a unique way of understanding moral agency, not through selfenclosed independency but through relational and interactive interdependency of communal agency. ---

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Moral agency, autonomy, and heteronomy in early Confucian philosophy

Seok

2017

Philosophy Compass

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Mou Zongsan on Confucian Autonomy and Subjectivity: From Transcendental Philosophy to Transcendent Metaphysics

Cited by 1 publication

References 3 publications

Moral agency, autonomy, and heteronomy in early Confucian philosophy

Moral agency, autonomy, and heteronomy in early Confucian philosophy

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