Motorway driver behaviour: studies on car following

Brackstone, Mark; Sultan, Beshr; McDonald, M.

doi:10.1016/s1369-8478(02)00004-9

Cited by 112 publications

(71 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…This can best be displayed as a 'following spiral' such as the one shown in Figure 1 where DX is plotted against DV for such a following sequence. Although not the focus of this paper (the reader is referred to Brackstone et al, 2002, for further details) it is important to understand the presence of this oscillatory process before analysis can start. For example, it is clear that higher DV values do not represent the following distance or headway desired by the driver, but rather describe regimes where the driver is drifting to or from a desired headway.…”

Section: Following Headwaymentioning

confidence: 99%

Determinants of following headway in congested traffic

Brackstone¹,

Waterson

McDonald

2009

Transportation Research Part F: Traffic Psychology and Behaviou

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134

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This paper reports on results of a study undertaken in the U.K. aimed at investigating factors affecting the car following process. An understanding of the factors affecting this complex decision making process is essential to a wide range of theoretical issues including driver workload, capacity and the modeling of freeway flow, as well as practical applications such as the design of in-vehicle driver aids and assistance systems, many of which have direct relevance to increasing driver safety. The study used an instrumented vehicle to collect time dependent following data for a group of test drivers. Data was collected on two differing types of high speed road, using six primary subjects who drove a test vehicle, supplemented by data on one hundred and twenty three drivers that were observed following the test vehicle. Examination was made of how the time headway chosen by a driver is influenced by a range of situational variables commonly believed to effect behavior, with four main findings. Firstly, headway was found to change according to the type of vehicle being followed (i.e. subjects followed closer to trucks than to cars), secondly, little variation was found with changes in overall traffic flow, thirdly, little correlation was found with road type, and lastly a distinct day-to-day variation in individual behavior was observed.

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Section: Following Headwaymentioning

confidence: 99%

Determinants of following headway in congested traffic

Brackstone¹,

Waterson

McDonald

2009

Transportation Research Part F: Traffic Psychology and Behaviou

Self Cite

134

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…There is therefore a need to validate the results from the simulator with real life data. 41 Furthermore, the other vehicles designed in a driving scenario although designed to behave 42 "intelligently" do not represent real behavior of humans. 43 44…”

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confidence: 99%

Critical Assessment of Methodologies for Operations and Safety Evaluations of Freeway Turbulence

Beinum

Farah

Wegman

et al. 2016

Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation R

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Turbulence in traffic is a commonly known phenomenon, but the exact characteristics of this phenomenon are not yet clear. Turbulence reflects individual changes in speed, headways, and lanes in the traffic stream. The current freeway design guidelines prescribe measures for handling turbulence, such as sufficient ramp spacing and spacing between road discontinuities. In situations where there is little available space between discontinuities, it might be necessary to make a trade-off between costs and safety and operations. For a valid trade-off, more insight is needed on the safety and operations effects of deviations from the guidelines. Much research has been done on the causes of turbulence and their effects on safety and operations. This paper proposes a theoretical framework for the turbulence phenomenon that facilitates the comparison of the available methodologies that can be used to evaluate a freeway design on the matter of turbulence and its impact on traffic operations and safety. The main finding of this review is that the currently available methodologies lack the ability to evaluate the impact of freeway turbulence on operations and safety simultaneously. The paper makes recommendations to overcome the limitations of current methodologies and for further research possibilities to improve these methodologies.

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“…Considerable advances have been made recently both in the development of sophisticated estimation models and in testing alternative theories against field data (e.g. Brackstone et al, 2002;Brilon et al, 1999;Hagring, 1998). The next step in our research is to apply some of the advanced estimation methods in the calibration of the model using data collected at inter-urban and urban motorway merges.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Simulation Model for Motorway Merging Behaviour

Wang¹

2005

Transportation and Traffic Theory

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The most difficult sections of motorway to analyze satisfactorily are the merging sections, because these are where the majority of conflicts and interactions occur. The situation is more complicated than simple gap acceptance because the ramp traffic is not only seeking gaps in the main motorway traffic; its presence also influences the behaviour of drivers on the main motorway. The latter may choose to move to the inner lanes on the motorway or to slow down to create gaps for the merging traffic. Traditional modelling is unable to represent such complex behavioural responses and interactions. This paper presents a new model of motorway traffic merging behaviour by explicitly simulating the interactions between the gap-acceptance behaviour of the merging traffic and the cooperative behaviour of the motorway traffic. Sensitivity analysis of the model suggests that cooperative lane-changing and yielding have a significant effect on the proportion of merges that are made easily. Similarly, the more alert the drivers are, the higher the proportion that successfully merge into their first choice of gaps. A longer acceleration lane does not appear to increase the proportion that successfully merges into the driver's first choice of gaps; it does however help when merging into the second or third choices. A preliminary calibration of the model suggests that the modelled gap distribution fits well with those observed. Further research will examine the extent to which cooperative behaviour helps the merging traffic without inducing instability in the motorway traffic.2 Insert book title here BACKGROUND

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Motorway driver behaviour: studies on car following

Cited by 112 publications

References 16 publications

Determinants of following headway in congested traffic

Determinants of following headway in congested traffic

Critical Assessment of Methodologies for Operations and Safety Evaluations of Freeway Turbulence

A Simulation Model for Motorway Merging Behaviour

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