Motor versus Sensory Neuron Regeneration through Collagen Tubules

Madorsky, Simon J.; Swett, John E.; Crumley, Roger L.

doi:10.1097/00006534-199808000-00022

Cited by 13 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…Similar to the morphometric analyses, the fibre size effect was also observed in the number of Fluorogold labeled DRG sensory neurons. The regeneration of sensory neurons typically precedes motor neurons (Madorsky et al ., ). Consequently, we only saw a significant enhancement in the number of labeled DRG neurons at three months post‐implantation in the presence of nanofibers.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nanofibrous nerve conduit-enhanced peripheral nerve regeneration

Jiang

Mi²,

Höke³

et al. 2012

J Tissue Eng Regen Med

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Fibre structures represent a potential class of materials for the formation of synthetic nerve conduits due to their biomimicking architecture. Although the advantages of fibres in enhancing nerve regeneration have been demonstrated, in vivo evaluation of fibre size effect on nerve regeneration remains limited. In this study, we analyzed the effects of fibre diameter of electrospun conduits on peripheral nerve regeneration across a 15-mm critical defect gap in a rat sciatic nerve injury model. By using an electrospinning technique, fibrous conduits comprised of aligned electrospun poly (ε-caprolactone) (PCL) microfibers (981 ± 83 nm, Microfiber) or nanofibers (251 ± 32 nm, Nanofiber) were obtained. At three months post implantation, axons regenerated across the defect gap in all animals that received fibrous conduits. In contrast, complete nerve regeneration was not observed in the control group that received empty, non-porous PCL film conduits (Film). Nanofiber conduits resulted in significantly higher total number of myelinated axons and thicker myelin sheaths compared to Microfiber and Film conduits. Retrograde labeling revealed a significant increase in number of regenerated dorsal root ganglion sensory neurons in the presence of Nanofiber conduits (1.93 ± 0.71 × 10(3) vs. 0.98 ± 0.30 × 10(3) in Microfiber, p < 0.01). In addition, the compound muscle action potential (CMAP) amplitudes were higher and distal motor latency values were lower in the Nanofiber conduit group compared to the Microfiber group. This study demonstrated the impact of fibre size on peripheral nerve regeneration. These results could provide useful insights for future nerve guide designs.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nanofibrous nerve conduit-enhanced peripheral nerve regeneration

Jiang

Mi²,

Höke³

et al. 2012

J Tissue Eng Regen Med

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“…However, sensory neurons projecting to the rat sciatic nerve regenerate their axons faster than motor neurons in the same environment [20,21,27,28]. However, sensory neurons projecting to the rat sciatic nerve regenerate their axons faster than motor neurons in the same environment [20,21,27,28].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hypoglycaemic neuropathy: occurrence of axon terminals in plantar skin and plantar muscle of diabetic BB/Wor rats treated with insulin implants

Mohseni¹,

Lillesaar²,

Theodorsson

et al. 2000

Acta Neuropathol

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It is generally believed that diabetic neuropathy is due to chronic hyperglycaemia. However, experience from insulinoma patients and experimental studies show that hypoglycaemia may also cause neuropathy. Accordingly, the plantar nerves of diabetic eu-/hypoglycaemic BB/Wor rats treated with insulin implants exhibit a distinct neuropathy. To what extent hypoglycaemic neuropathy affects axon terminals in skin and muscle is unknown. In the present study we examine the occurrence of epidermal axon profiles and the neuropeptide calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) in plantar skin, and of end plate axon terminals in a plantar muscle of diabetic BB/Wor rats subjected to long periods of hypoglycaemia. The number of protein gene product-immunoreactive axon profiles was found to be normal in heel skin biopsy specimens from eu-/hypoglycaemic rats, but many profiles were short and thin. The content of CGRP in the skin biopsy samples was significantly below normal. After staining with antibodies against the vesicular acetylcholine transporter protein, the occurrence of end plate axon terminals was significantly reduced in sections from the flexor hallucis brevis muscle of eu-/hypoglycaemic rats. Moreover, the end plate axon terminals tended to be abnormally small in these rats. We conclude that the hypoglycaemic neuropathy seen in plantar nerve trunks of diabetic BB/Wor rats treated with insulin implants is accompanied by mild alterations in the epidermal innervation of plantar skin and a more obviously abnormal nerve terminal pattern in plantar muscle.

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“…Typically, the patient experiences a period of facial nerve palsy with slow functional return, with synkinesis and mass motion. Recently, collagen nerve tubules have been introduced that may facilitate the surgical coaptation and, potentially, the axonal regeneration through nerve grafts 7…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%