Motor-Skill Learning: Changes in Synaptic Organization of the Rat Cerebellar Cortex

Anderson, Brenda J.; Alcantara, Adriana A.; Greenough, William T.

doi:10.1006/nlme.1996.0062

Cited by 90 publications

(82 citation statements)

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“…This layer was located between the piamater and the Purkinje layer where the data was collected from. (Anderson, 1996). Variants like: the total number of synapses, the number of parallel fi bers synapses and the number of climbing fi bers synapses, being them based on the volume equivalent to one Purkinje cell, showed to be the most conclusive variants to this part of the study.…”

Section: Variant Cellular Dependentsmentioning

confidence: 76%

“…These tasks' learning (acrobatics) is seen as the one able to produce a deep remodeling in the intrinsic interconnectivity of the cerebellar cortex (KLEIM, 1998). Such aspect was investigated in an area of the cerebellar cortex that receives somatosensory and proprioceptive inputs from anterior and posterior limbs of the animal: the paramedian lobe (ANDERSON, 1996;KLINTSOVA,2002;KRUTKI;MRO-WCZYNSKI, 2002). Among the tests there are some that have also investigated whether the similar alterations would occur in some of the primary targets of the area's outputs, the dentate nucleus; however no nucleus modifi cations were found.…”

Section: Motor Learning Inducing Cerebellar Plasticitymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…(ANDERSON, 1996;KLEIM, 1998). In the acrobatic condition, the tasks consisted of crossing obstacles that required some degree of coordination and balance as: plane bridges that progressively became narrow, vertical stretched ropes ("hand-stair"), mobile bridges using a rope (stretched in each side), paths with barriers in elevation, etc.…”

Section: Application Of Experimental Tasksmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Another one was the volunteer exercise condition where the rats were kept in cages that allowed them to exercise in running wheels. They were free to run at their own will (ANDERSON, 1996). At last, the inactive condition when the rats did not have the opportunity of learning or other exercises than those which were possible in the cages.…”

Section: Application Of Experimental Tasksmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…(ANDERSON, 1996;KLEIM, 1998b). A huge attention has been attributed to neurophysiologic mechanisms that rule the referred plastic capacity that will be embodied as the main subject of the present study.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Sensory-motor Integration and Synaptic Plasticity in Cerebellar Córtex

Cunha¹,

Bastos²,

Silva³

et al. 2003

Fit Per J

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CUNHA, M.; BASTOS, V.H.; SILVA, A.; FURTADO, V.; VEIGA, H.; PIEDADE, R.; RIBEIRO, A.P. Sensory-motor integration and synaptic plasticity in the cerebelar cortex. Fitness & Performance Journal, v.2, n.2, p. 91-96, 2003. Rua Antonio Carlos, 97 -Porto Velho -São Gonçalo -RJ ABSTRACT: The present study aims to investigate the synaptic plasticity in the cerebellum as a result of the learning process of complex (acrobatic) motor skills. It begins with an anatomical and physiological description of the cerebellum, which includes its division into lobes, the relationship with other areas of the Central Nervous System, and a detailed analysis of its internal circuits.Next, an approach regarding disitnct models which attempt to explain how the cerebellum functions as it incorporates new motor patterns to the system is made. Finally, results of different experimental studies which investigated the cerebellar synaptic remodelling in acrobatic trained rats are assembled. The acrobatic training consisted of activities demanding a high level of coordination and balance. The trainned rats were compared to others submitted to simple exercises and to inactive groups. The three groups of rats were sacrifi ced and studied with an electronic microscope.Keywords: Cerebellum, Sensory-Motor Integration, Motor Learning, Sinaptic Plasticity 91-96 RESUMO Integração sensório-motora e plasticidade sináptica no córtex cerebelar O presente artigo revisa o fenômeno de plasticidade sináptica no cerebelo estimulada pelo processo de aprendizagem de habilidades motoras complexas (acrobáticas). Inicia com uma descrição anatômica e fisiológica do cerebelo que inclui, sua divisão em lobos, relação com outras áreas do sistema nervoso central e uma análise mais refinada dos seus circuitos internos. A seguir é feita uma abordagem sobre diferentes modelos que tentam explicar como o cerebelo atua ao incorporar novos padrões motores ao sistema. Por último são reunidos os resultados de diferentes estudos experimentais que investigaram a remodelagem sináptica cerebelar em ratos treinados com atividades acrobáticas exigindo elevado grau de coordenação e balanço. Eles foram então comparados com outros grupos submetidos a exercícios de natureza simples e a um grupo inativo, que igualmente aos primeiros, foram sacrificados e estudados ao microscópio eletrônico.Palavras-chave: Cerebelo, Integração Sensório-Motora, Aprendizagem Motora, Plasticidade Sináptica RESUMEN Integración Sensório-motora y plasticidad sináptica en la corteza cerebelar Lo presente artículo revisa el fenómeno de plasticidad sináptica en el cerebelo estimulada por el proceso de aprendizaje de habilidades motoras complejas (acrobáticas). Inicia con una descripción anatómica y fisiológica del cerebelo que incluye, su división en lobos, relación con otras áreas del sistema nervioso central y un análisis más refinada de sus circuitos internos. La seguir es hecha un abordaje sobre diferentes modelos que intentan explicar como el cerebelo actúa al incorporar nuevos patrones motores al sistema. Por...

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Section: Variant Cellular Dependentsmentioning

confidence: 76%

Section: Motor Learning Inducing Cerebellar Plasticitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Application Of Experimental Tasksmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Application Of Experimental Tasksmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Sensory-motor Integration and Synaptic Plasticity in Cerebellar Córtex

Cunha¹,

Bastos²,

Silva³

et al. 2003

Fit Per J

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Role of an enriched environment on the restoration of behavioral deficits in Lurcher mutant mice

et al. 1999

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The Effects of Two Different Exercise Programs on the Ultrastructural Features of the Sciatic Nerve and Soleus Muscle After Sciatic Crush

Bonetti

Malysz

Ilha

et al. 2017

The Anatomical Record

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Peripheral nerve injuries constitute a significant medical problem and the recovery is critically dependent on post-injury treatment. In this study, following sciatic nerve crush, we investigated the effects of a 4-week endurance training program (ET) and balance and coordination training program (BCT) on the ultrastructural features of the sciatic nerve and soleus muscle. The animals were randomly divided into Sham, non-trained (NT), ET, and BCT groups each of which included three animals. Ultra-thin cross and longitudinal sections (70-85 nm) were digitized and analyzed comparatively. The electron micrographic analysis of the sciatic nerve showed similar organelles features in the injury groups (myelin debris and swelling mitochondria). Nonetheless, the ET group presented better ultrastructural features as demonstrated by the greater predominance of rounded fibers and more defined organization in the myelinated axon bundles. In the soleus muscle's analyses, the injured groups demonstrated similar organelles' features (nucleus contained highly heterochromatic nuclei and smaller mitochondria). However, ET and BCT groups showed apparently enlarged myofibril cross-sectional areas and less collagen around muscle fibers, although, the ET group displayed reduced intermyofibrillar spaces and more closely aligned myofilaments when compared with the BCT group. Based on electron micrographic analysis, our findings suggest the presence of ultrastructural differences between the Sham, NT, and the trained groups. Therefore, exercise type seems to be responsible for producing some different positive features in the trained groups, while ET seems to have a more pronounced influence on the ultrastructural features of the sciatic nerve and the soleus muscle after a crush injury. Anat Rec, 300:1654-1661, 2017. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

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Motor-Skill Learning: Changes in Synaptic Organization of the Rat Cerebellar Cortex

Cited by 90 publications

References 0 publications

Sensory-motor Integration and Synaptic Plasticity in Cerebellar Córtex

Sensory-motor Integration and Synaptic Plasticity in Cerebellar Córtex

Role of an enriched environment on the restoration of behavioral deficits in Lurcher mutant mice

The Effects of Two Different Exercise Programs on the Ultrastructural Features of the Sciatic Nerve and Soleus Muscle After Sciatic Crush

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