Motor recovery after stroke: A systematic review of the literature

Hendricks, Henk T.; Limbeek, Jacques van; Geurts, Alexander C. H.; Zwarts, Machiel J.

doi:10.1053/apmr.2002.35473

Cited by 628 publications

(449 citation statements)

References 84 publications

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“…21 Similarly, the further assessment of impairment as a measure of recovery during the first week after stroke can strengthen ability to predict outcome. 22 This makes the combination of clinical classification and monitoring of recovery an attractive tool, both clinically and for research where the ability to accurately predict recovery and outcome is key. This may be especially beneficial in subgroups of patients thought typically to have a poorer outcome, such as TACS, since there appears that there is at least one subgroup of patients who may do relatively well.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Stroke severity, early recovery and outcome are each related with clinical classification of stroke: Data from the ‘Tinzaparin in Acute Ischaemic Stroke Trial’ (TAIST)

Sprigg

Gray

Bath

et al. 2007

Journal of the Neurological Sciences

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Stroke severity, early recovery and outcome are each related with clinical classification of stroke: Data from the ‘Tinzaparin in Acute Ischaemic Stroke Trial’ (TAIST)

Sprigg

Gray

Bath

et al. 2007

Journal of the Neurological Sciences

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“…Approximately 600,000 people per year in the United States suffer a new or recurrent stroke (2). Stroke is also a major cause of long-term disability (1,3). i.v.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Brain protection using autologous bone marrow cell, metalloproteinase inhibitors, and metabolic treatment in cerebral ischemia

Baker

Sica

Work

et al. 2007

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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Despite advances in imaging, understanding the underlying pathways, and clinical translation of animal models of disease there remains an urgent need for therapies that reduce brain damage after stroke and promote functional recovery in patients. Blocking oxidant radicals, reducing matrix metalloproteinase-induced neuronal damage, and use of stem cell therapy have been proposed and tested individually in prior studies. Here we provide a comprehensive integrative management approach to reducing damage and promoting recovery by combining biological therapies targeting these areas. In a rat model of transient cerebral ischemia (middle cerebral artery occlusion) gene delivery vectors were used to overexpress tissue inhibitor of matrix metalloproteinase 1 and 2 (TIMP1 and TIMP2) 3 days before ischemia. After occlusion, autologous bone marrow cells alone or in combination with agents to improve NO bioavailability were administered intraarterially. When infarct size, BrdU incorporation, and motor function recovery were determined in the treatment groups the largest beneficial effect was seen in rats receiving the triple combined therapy, surpassing effects of single or double therapies. Our study highlights the utility of combined drug, gene, and cell therapy in the treatment of stroke.

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“…This leads to an increasing population with diverse stroke-related disabilities, which may include limitations in communication, activities of daily living, co-ordination, balance and mobility (2). It is estimated that following a stroke only 15% of sufferers will gain complete functional recovery for both the upper and lower extremities (3). As such, many stroke survivors continue to have unmet needs, especially concerning mobility (4).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Community-Based, Bionic Leg Rehabilitation Program for Patients with Chronic Stroke: Clinical Trial Protocol

Wright

Stone

Lambrick

et al. 2018

Journal of Stroke and Cerebrovascular Diseases

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word count: 2292 This is an accepted manuscript of an article published by Elsevier in Journal of Stroke and Cerebrovascular Diseases, available online at http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jstrokecerebrovasdis.2017.09.002. It is not the copy of record. Copyright © 2017, Elsevier. AbstractStroke is a major global health problem whereby many survivors have unmet needs concerning mobility during recovery. As such, the use of robotic assisted devices (i.e., a bionic leg) within a community-setting may be an important adjunct to normal physiotherapy in chronic stroke survivors. This study will be a dualcentre, randomized, parallel group clinical trial to investigate the impact of a community based, training program using a bionic leg on biomechanical, cardiovascular and functional outcomes in stroke survivors.Following a baseline assessment which will assess gait, postural sway, vascular health (blood pressure, arterial stiffness) and functional outcomes (6-minute walk), participants will be randomized to a 10-week program group, incorporating either: i) physiotherapy plus community-based bionic leg training program, ii) physiotherapy only, or iii) usual care control. The training program will involve participants engaging in a minimum of 1 hour per day of bionic leg activities at home. Follow up assessment, identical to baseline, will occur after 10-weeks, 3 and 12 months post intervention. Given the practical implications of the study, the clinical significance of using the bionic leg will be assessed for each outcome variable. The potential improvements in gait, balance, vascular health and functional status may have a meaningful impact on patients' quality of life. The integration of robotic devices within home-based rehabilitation programs may prove to be a cost effective, practical and beneficial resource for stroke survivors.

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Motor recovery after stroke: A systematic review of the literature

Cited by 628 publications

References 84 publications

Stroke severity, early recovery and outcome are each related with clinical classification of stroke: Data from the ‘Tinzaparin in Acute Ischaemic Stroke Trial’ (TAIST)

Stroke severity, early recovery and outcome are each related with clinical classification of stroke: Data from the ‘Tinzaparin in Acute Ischaemic Stroke Trial’ (TAIST)

Brain protection using autologous bone marrow cell, metalloproteinase inhibitors, and metabolic treatment in cerebral ischemia

A Community-Based, Bionic Leg Rehabilitation Program for Patients with Chronic Stroke: Clinical Trial Protocol

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