Motor drive using surface electromyography for flexion and extension of finger and hand muscles

Signal Acquisition Using Surface EMG and Circuit Design Considerations for Robotic Prosthesis

“…There are two primary motions of the human hand, flexing and extending. For flexion, electrode should be placed on Flexor Digitorum Profundus and for extension; the electrode should be placed on Extensor Digitorum Communis [21]. As both muscles exhibit different signal patterns, therefore, a multi-channel input scheme should be employed, so that both signals are gathered independently.…”

“…The amplification set for the detected EMG signals from the subject was 10,000. Table 1 provides the EMG signal response from each of the subject's fingers after amplification and threshold set for their control [21].…”

“…The ADC sampling rate is also a key consideration. It should be kept as large as possible so that the data loss of EMG is kept at a minimum [21].…”

“…The control of robotic prosthesis is provided through the thresholding technique [21]. Once the signal is received in digital format, taking all necessary considerations as described before, a suitable threshold is applied to that particular quantized digital signal.…”

“…It is recommended to set the threshold value to a point which is less than half the digital quantized output of the EMG signal. When the digital signal exceeds this threshold, the microcontroller should set an output pin to '1' and '0' otherwise [21]. E.g.…”