Motor Control, Motor Learning, and Neural Plasticity in Orthotic and Prosthetic Rehabilitation

Lusardi, Michelle M.; Bowers, Donna M.

doi:10.1016/b978-1-4377-1936-9.00003-5

Cited by 3 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 271 publications

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“…This can be explained by the two-step process of motor learning. Conscious awareness and voluntary motor control are involved in the first stage only (Gentile, 1998;Lusardi & Bowers, 2013). In this initial phase, the use of the verbal modality (i.e., in the form of secondary representation, perhaps also supported by the spatial module of short-term memory) appears sufficient.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In this initial phase, the use of the verbal modality (i.e., in the form of secondary representation, perhaps also supported by the spatial module of short-term memory) appears sufficient. In the second phase, patterns of movements are stored in procedural memory and executed automatically (Gentile, 1998;Lusardi & Bowers, 2013), which does not require a modality-specific subsystem of short-term memory.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The retention of proprioceptive information is suppressed by competing verbal and spatial task

Horváth

Ferentzi

Ragó

et al. 2022

Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology

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Proprioceptive information makes us able to perceive the position of our joints from an internal point of view. In certain cases, proprioceptive information has to be stored in short-term memory, for example, during the learning of new motor skills or the assessment of proprioceptive accuracy. However, there are contradictory findings about the modality-specific storage of proprioceptive information in working memory. In this preregistered study, we applied the interference paradigm, assessing proprioceptive memory capacity in the subdominant elbow joint for 35 young individuals in five different experimental conditions: (a) without competing task/interference (baseline condition), (b) with motor interference, (c) with spatial interference, (d) with visual interference, and (e) with verbal interference. Proprioceptive span was lower in the verbal and spatial interference condition than in the baseline condition, whereas no significant differences were found for the motor and visual conditions. These results indicate that individuals use verbal and spatial strategies to encode proprioceptive information in short-term memory, and, in contrast to our expectation, the motor subsystem of working memory is not substantially involved in this process.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The retention of proprioceptive information is suppressed by competing verbal and spatial task

Horváth

Ferentzi

Ragó

et al. 2022

Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…This can be explained by the two-step process of motor learning. Conscious awareness and voluntary motor control are involved in the rst stage only 26,27 . In this initial phase, the use of the verbal modality (i.e., in the form of secondary representation, perhaps also supported by the spatial module of short-term memory) appears su cient.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the second phase, patterns of movements are stored in procedural memory and executed automatically 26,27 , which does not require a modality-speci c subsystem of short-term memory.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Retention of Proprioceptive Information is Suppressed by Competing Verbal and Spatial, but not by Motor and Visual Tasks

Horváth

Ferentzi

Ragó

et al. 2021

Preprint

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Proprioceptive information, originating from the locomotor system makes us able to perceive the position of our joints from an internal point of view. In certain cases, proprioceptive information has to be stored in short-term memory, for example, during the learning of new motor skills or the assessment of proprioceptive accuracy. However, there are contradictory findings about the modality-specific storage of proprioceptive information in working memory. In this preregistered study, we applied the interference paradigm, assessing proprioceptive memory capacity in the subdominant elbow joint for 35 young individuals in five different experimental conditions: (a) without competing task/suppression (control condition), (b) with motor suppression, (c) with spatial suppression, (d) with visual suppression, and (e) with verbal suppression. Proprioceptive span was lower in the verbal and spatial suppression condition than in the control condition, whereas no differences were found for the remaining conditions. These results indicate that individuals use verbal and spatial strategies to encode proprioceptive information in short-term memory, and, in contrast to our expectation, the motor subsystem of working memory is not involved in this process.

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“…The structural design and material properties of these insoles are particularly essential and are related to the efficacy of foot orthotic interventions for DFUs and gait alteration. With advances in materials sciences in recent years, a wide range of materials have been introduced to the market, such as ethylene vinyl acetate (EVA; e.g., Nora ® (Weinheim, Germany)), polyethylene (e.g., Pe-Lite ® (Algeos, Liverpool, UK)), and polyurethane (e.g., PORON ® (Dr. Jill's Foot Pads, London, UK)) [23][24][25][26]. These insole materials are available in a wide range of hardnesses, thicknesses, and densities, with different structural and mechanical properties for a diversity of different usages.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of Contoured Insoles with Different Materials on Kinematics and Kinetics Changes in Diabetic Elderly during Gait

Shi

Yick

et al. 2022

IJERPH

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Background: Alterations in the lower limb kinematics and kinetics of diabetic patients have been reported in previous studies. Inappropriate choices of orthopedic insole materials, however, fail to prevent diabetic foot ulcers and modify abnormal gait. The aim of this study was to quantitatively compare the effects of contoured insoles with different materials on the kinematics of and kinetics changes in the diabetic elderly during gait. Methods: There were 21 diabetic patients who participated in this study. Three-dimensional (3D) experimental contoured insoles constructed of soft (i.e., Nora Lunalastik EVA and PORON® Medical 4708) and rigid (i.e., Nora Lunalight A fresh and Pe-Lite) materials with Langer Biomechanics longitudinal PPT® arch pads were adopted. An eight-camera motion capture system (VICON), two force plates, and an insole measurement system—Pedar® with 99 sensors—were utilized to obtain the kinematics and kinetics data. The plug-in lower body gait model landmarks were used for dynamic data acquisition during gait. The corresponding data from five gait cycles were selected and calculated. Results: The range of motions (ROMs) of the ankle joint (p = 0.001) and knee joint (p = 0.044) were significantly influenced when the contoured insoles were worn in comparison to the barefoot condition. The joint moments of the lower limbs with maximum ankle plantarflexion during the loading response and maximum knee and hip flexions were significantly influenced by the use of contoured insoles with different materials in the diabetic elderly. The peak plantar pressure (PPP) of the forefoot (p < 0.001), midfoot (p = 0.009), and rearfoot (p < 0.001) was significantly offloaded by the contoured insoles during the stance phase, whilst the PPP of the rearfoot (p < 0.001) was significantly offloaded during the swing phase. Conclusions: The contoured insoles, especially those constructed with soft materials, significantly offloaded the PPP during gait—hence accommodating certain abnormal gait patterns more effectively compared to going barefoot.

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Motor Control, Motor Learning, and Neural Plasticity in Orthotic and Prosthetic Rehabilitation

Cited by 3 publications

References 271 publications

The retention of proprioceptive information is suppressed by competing verbal and spatial task

The retention of proprioceptive information is suppressed by competing verbal and spatial task

The Retention of Proprioceptive Information is Suppressed by Competing Verbal and Spatial, but not by Motor and Visual Tasks

Influence of Contoured Insoles with Different Materials on Kinematics and Kinetics Changes in Diabetic Elderly during Gait

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