Motivations for Entry Into Sex Work and Hiv Risk Among Mobile Female Sex Workers in India

Saggurti, Niranjan; Verma, Ravi; Halli, Shiva S.; Swain, Suvakanta N.; Singh, Rajendra; Modugu, Hanimi Reddy; RamaRao, Saumya; Mahapatra, Bidhubhusan; Jain, Anrudh K.

doi:10.1017/s0021932011000277

Cited by 41 publications

(53 citation statements)

References 28 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…A number of reasons why women enter sex work have been identified (Blanchard et al 2005;Bowen et al 2011;Chattopadhyay, Bandyopadhyay, and Duttagupta 1994;Devine et al 2010;Gangoli 2006;Kumar 2004;Magar 2012;Saggurti et al 2011aSaggurti et al , 2011bSahni and Shankar 2011). Blanchard et al (2005) found that sex workers commonly identify more than one reason for entering into sex work, highlighting the underlying complexities of entering into sex work.…”

Section: Reasons For Entry Into Sex Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The most frequently reported reasons for Indian women entering into sex work are financial in nature 2 (Blanchard et al 2005;Bowen et al 2011;Chattopadhyay, Bandyopadhyay, and Duttagupta 1994;Devine et al 2010;Durbar Mahila Samanwaya Committee 2007;Gangoli 2006;Karandikar 2011;Kumar 2004;Magar 2012;Saggurti et al 2011aSaggurti et al , 2011bSahni and Shankar 2011;Sariola 2010). Sahni and Shankar (2011) differentiate between women entering into sex work from other labour markets who are 'in search of better incomes' (8) and 'direct entrants [ .…”

Section: Financial and Socio-familial Factorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Circumstances, experiences and processes surrounding women's entry into sex work in India

McClarty

Bhattacharjee

Blanchard

et al. 2013

Culture, Health & Sexuality

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Evidence suggests that in India, the early stages of a woman's career as a sex worker may be an important period to target for HIV and sexually transmitted infection prevention. Before such an intervention is designed and implemented, it is necessary to first understand the life circumstances of women at the start of their sex work careers. We performed a review to bring together available literature pertaining to entry into sex work in India and to highlight knowledge gaps. We found that historical traditions of dedication into sex work, financial insecurity, family discord, violence and coercion, and desire for financial independence are commonly reported reasons for entering into sex work. We also found that families and the broader sex worker community play an important role in the early stages of a woman's sex work career. We suggest that HIV-prevention programmes in India would substantially benefit from a deeper understanding of the life circumstances of new and young women sex workers. Further research should be conducted focusing on family and community involvement in women's entry into sex work, and on the important period of time after a woman's first commercial sex encounter, but before self-identification as a sex worker.

show abstract

Section: Reasons For Entry Into Sex Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Financial and Socio-familial Factorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Circumstances, experiences and processes surrounding women's entry into sex work in India

McClarty

Bhattacharjee

Blanchard

et al. 2013

Culture, Health & Sexuality

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…(8,13) These provisions can result in more precarious working environments and greater poverty, all of which increase HIV risks. (5,14) Such insecurity may make it more difficult for sex workers to negotiate condom usage, as they may: i) feel compelled to engage in condomless sex (as condoms can be used as evidence in judicial proceedings) or ii) work in hidden areas away from possible police detection and/or police harassment. (12,15,16) Moreover, criminalization of sex work may force sex workers to work in isolation, deprived of any protection police may offer.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

National sex work policy and HIV prevalence among sex workers: an ecological regression analysis of 27 European countries

et al. 2017

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Abstract:Background: Sex workers are disproportionately affected by HIV and other STIs compared with the general population. To date, most studies of HIV risk among sex workers focus on individual-level risk factors, with few studies evaluating potential structural determinants of HIV risk. In this paper we examine whether criminal laws around sex work are associated with HIV prevalence among sex workers.Method: To test our hypothesis, we estimate cross-sectional, ecological regression models using data from 27 European countries on HIV prevalence among sex workers from the European Centre for Disease Control; sex-work legislation on U.S. State Department's Country Reports on Human Rights Practices; the Rule of Law and GDP per capita, adjusted for purchasing power, from the World Bank; and the prevalence of injection drug use among sex workers.Findings: We found that countries which have legalised some aspects of sex work (n = 10) have significantly lower HIV prevalence among sex workers than those which have not (n = 17) (β = -2.09, 95% CI: -0.80 to -3.37, p = 0.003), even after controlling for the level of economic development and the proportion of sex workers who are injecting drug users.

show abstract

“…18 Moreover, the higher the age difference, the greater the likelihood of male dominance. For female sex workers (FSWs), who are vulnerable in more than one way, 19 a relationship with a partner much older than them can put them at increased risk for STIs and HIV. 20 Therefore, one needs to understand the patterns of age mixing in FSWs, which may help in understanding the HIV transmission dynamics in India.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Degree and correlates of sexual mixing in female sex workers in Karnataka, India

Mahapatra

Lowndes²,

Gurav

et al. 2013

Sex. Health

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Abstract. Background:The degree of sexual mixing plays an important role in understanding disparities in sexually transmissible infections and HIV across social groups. This study examines the degree of sexual age mixing, and explores its individual and partnership level correlates among female sex workers (FSWs) in Karnataka, India. Methods: Data were drawn from special behavioural surveys conducted in 2006-07 among 577 FSWs in two districts of Karnataka: Belgaum and Bangalore. Sexual mixing in age was assessed as the difference in age between FSWs and their sexual partners, and the degree of assortativeness in sexual mixing was assessed using Newman's assortativity coefficient. Results: A total of 577 FSWs were interviewed; 418 of whom reported two or more partnerships, resulting in 942 partnerships. In about half (52%) of these partnerships, the age difference between the FSW and her sexual partner was 5 years or more. The degree of assortativity in age mixing was 0.098, indicating minimally assortative mixing. The disassortativeness in age mixing was positively associated with young age and no formal education, and negatively with duration in sex work. Partnerships which were of a commercial nature were more likely to be disassortative than noncommercial partnerships. Conclusion: The minimally assortative age mixing indicates sexually transmissible infections can transfer from members of one age group to another. Efforts are required to limit the transmission of infection from one group to other by promoting safer sexual behaviour.

show abstract

Motivations for Entry Into Sex Work and Hiv Risk Among Mobile Female Sex Workers in India

Cited by 41 publications

References 28 publications

Circumstances, experiences and processes surrounding women's entry into sex work in India

Circumstances, experiences and processes surrounding women's entry into sex work in India

National sex work policy and HIV prevalence among sex workers: an ecological regression analysis of 27 European countries

Degree and correlates of sexual mixing in female sex workers in Karnataka, India

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About