Motivation to obtain preferred foods is enhanced by ghrelin in the ventral tegmental area

King, Samantha J.; Isaacs, Albert M.; O'Farrell, Elizabeth; Abizaid, Alfonso

doi:10.1016/j.yhbeh.2011.08.006

Cited by 102 publications

(102 citation statements)

References 45 publications

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“…Our observation that individual differences in ghrelin when satiated specifically influence the "wanting" of food (27,61) is in line with previous observations in which injection of ghrelin in the VTA in rats increases preference for and motivation to obtain highly palatable food (62). Furthermore, in ghrelin receptor-deficient mice, cue potentiated feeding is disrupted and meal anticipatory behavior is reduced (63,64), highlighting the importance of ghrelin signaling for feeding driven by external food-related cues (65), which has also been observed in individuals with obesity (39).…”

Section: L I N I C a L M E D I C I N Esupporting

confidence: 92%

Integration of homeostatic signaling and food reward processing in the human brain

et al. 2017

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IntroductionThe consumption of food is necessary for our everyday survival and is promoted by an intricate network of complex homeostatic and hedonic interactions. Hunger is a motivational state considered as an endpoint of these elements; it ensures that we actively seek out food when necessary. However, hunger is not only the result of simple energy deficiency; it has emerged as a product of a complex biopsychological and environmental interaction. Given the rapid development of obesity worldwide, a better understanding of the interaction between the encoding of food in the brain reward network and homeostatic energy regulation is of paramount importance for the development of new treatment strategies. BACKGROUND.Food intake is guided by homeostatic needs and by the reward value of food, yet the exact relation between the two remains unclear. The aim of this study was to investigate the influence of different metabolic states and hormonal satiety signaling on responses in neural reward networks.

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Section: L I N I C a L M E D I C I N Esupporting

confidence: 92%

Integration of homeostatic signaling and food reward processing in the human brain

et al. 2017

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“…In rats, intracerebroventricular ghrelin injection increases anticipatory behaviour for a palatable chocolate reward (Merkestein et al, 2012). Feed restricted rats treated with ghrelin are also willing to press a bar more often to obtain food pellets compared to saline treated rats (King et al, 2011). Therefore, ghrelin could mediate feeding motivation through its involvement in short-term stimulation of food intake and through anticipatory regulation of feeding.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Motivation to obtain a food reward of pregnant ewes in negative energy balance: Behavioural, metabolic and endocrine considerations

Verbeek

Waas

Oliver

et al. 2012

Hormones and Behavior

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“…Because of the possibility of functional recovery following genetic deletion of the receptor, Experiment 2 investigated the role of ghrelin in glucose conditioning by using the ghrelin receptor antagonist (D-Lys3)-GHRP-6. This antagonist is reported to decrease food intake, high-fat diet preference, alcohol intake, body weight, and lever pressing for food in rodents [2,17,18,19,21,24,25]. Here we determined if treating WT mice with (D-Lys3)-GHRP-6 during training sessions with CS+/GLU and CS−/S+S solutions altered their acquisition of a CS+ flavor preference.…”

Section: Experiments 2 Flavor Conditioning By Oral Glucose In Micementioning

confidence: 99%

Ghrelin signaling is not essential for sugar or fat conditioned flavor preferences in mice

Sclafani

Touzani

Ackroff

2015

Physiology & Behavior

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The oral and post-oral actions of sugar and fat stimulate intake and condition flavor preferences in rodents through a process referred to as appetition. Ghrelin is implicated in food reward processing, and this study investigated its involvement in nutrient conditioning in mice. In Exp. 1 ghrelin receptor-null (GHSR-null) and C57BL/6 wildtype (WT) mice learned to prefer a flavor (CS+) mixed into 8% glucose over another flavor (CS−) mixed into a "sweeter" but non-nutritive 0.1% sucralose + saccharin (S+S) solution. In Exp. 2 treating WT mice with a ghrelin receptor antagonist [(D-Lys3)-GHRP-6] during flavor training did not prevent them from learning to prefer the CS+glucose over the CS−S+S flavor. GHSR-null and WT mice were trained in Exp. 3 to drink a CS+ paired with intragastric (IG) infusion of 16% glucose and a CS− paired with IG water. Both groups drank more CS+ than CS− in training and preferred the CS+ to CS− in a choice test. The same (Exp. 4) and new (Exp. 5) GHSR-null and WT mice learned to prefer a CS+ flavor paired with IG fat (Intralipid) over a CS− flavor paired with IG water. GHSR-null and WT mice also learned to prefer a CS+ flavor added to 8% fructose over a CS− added to water. Together, these results indicate that ghrelin receptor signaling is not required for flavor preferences conditioned by the oral or post-oral actions of sugar and fat. This contrasts with other findings implicating ghrelin signaling in food reward processing and food-conditioned place preferences.

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Motivation to obtain preferred foods is enhanced by ghrelin in the ventral tegmental area

Cited by 102 publications

References 45 publications

Integration of homeostatic signaling and food reward processing in the human brain

Integration of homeostatic signaling and food reward processing in the human brain

Motivation to obtain a food reward of pregnant ewes in negative energy balance: Behavioural, metabolic and endocrine considerations

Ghrelin signaling is not essential for sugar or fat conditioned flavor preferences in mice

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