Motivated Processing of Health-Related Information in Online Environments

Kimmerle, Joachim; Bientzle, Martina; Creß, Ulrike; Flemming, Danny; Greving, Hannah; Grapendorf, Johannes; Sassenrath, Claudia; Sassenberg, Kai

doi:10.1007/978-3-319-64274-1_4

Cited by 6 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 73 publications

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“…Cognitive dissonance and the belief disconfirmation phenomenon can sometimes promote rational information processing by allowing individuals to maintain their prior beliefs in the face of contradictory misinformation. However, further research would be necessary to assess how cognitive strategies to maintain prior beliefs impact scientific information processing (e.g., see [62]). It should be noted that self-reported expertise was the only significant predictor of the perception of the tentativeness of the review findings, which suggests that prior knowledge stimulates a critical attitude toward scientific studies (i.e., bearing in mind that the reported expertise is a surrogate of the actual objectively measured expertise).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Impact of Information Presentation and Cognitive Dissonance on Processing Systematic Review Summaries: A Randomized Controlled Trial on Bicycle Helmet Legislation

Béchard

Kimmerle

Lawarée

et al. 2022

IJERPH

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Background: Summaries of systematic reviews are a reference method for the dissemination of research evidence on the effectiveness of public health interventions beyond the scientific community. Motivated reasoning and cognitive dissonance may interfere with readers’ ability to process the information included in such summaries. Methods: We conducted a web experiment on a panel of university-educated North Americans (N = 259) using a systematic review of the effectiveness of bicycle helmet legislation as a test case. The outcome variables were the perceived tentativeness of review findings and attitude toward bicycle helmet legislation. We manipulated two types of uncertainty: (i) deficient uncertainty (inclusion vs. non-inclusion of information on limitations of the studies included in the review) and (ii) consensus uncertainty (consensual findings showing legislation effectiveness vs. no evidence of effectiveness). We also examined whether reported expertise in helmet legislation and the frequency of wearing a helmet while cycling interact with the experimental factors. Results: None of the experimental manipulations had a main effect on the perceived tentativeness. The presentation of consensual efficacy findings had a positive main effect on the attitude toward the legislation. Self-reported expertise had a significant main effect on the perceived tentativeness, and exposing participants with reported expertise to results showing a lack of evidence of efficacy increased their favorable attitude toward the legislation. Participants’ helmet use was positively associated with their attitude toward the legislation (but not with perceived tentativeness). Helmet use did not interact with the experimental manipulations. Conclusions: Motivated reasoning and cognitive dissonance influence a reader’s ability to process information contained in a systematic review summary.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Impact of Information Presentation and Cognitive Dissonance on Processing Systematic Review Summaries: A Randomized Controlled Trial on Bicycle Helmet Legislation

Béchard

Kimmerle

Lawarée

et al. 2022

IJERPH

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“…We approached this investigation from the perspectives of motivated social media use and social support. Motivated media information processing research suggests that exposure to personally relevant messages may prompt changes in beliefs, attitudes, or behaviors (Kimmerle et al, 2017; Park et al, 2009; So, 2012). Messaging that reflects salient personal characteristics garners attention and elaboration, and increases the odds of cognitive, attitudinal, or behavioral change.…”

Section: Conceptual Frameworkmentioning

confidence: 99%

Positive Peers Mobile Application Reduces Stigma Perception Among Young People Living With HIV

Step

Knight

Smith

et al. 2020

Health Promotion Practice

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Background. The burden of HIV-related stigma is associated with disparities in linkage to HIV care and viral suppression. The Positive Peers smartphone application aims to provide young people living with HIV with a supportive virtual community to counteract perceived stigma and better manage their illness. Method. A mixed-methods study that included a prospective survey and in-depth interviewing was conducted with young adults living with HIV, aged 13 to 34 years (n = 128). As part of a larger study, participants used the Positive Peers mobile application and reported demographic data, perceived stigma, and other psychosocial variables at enrollment, 6 months, and 12 months (n = 128). Select participants (n = 15) described their experiences in audio-recorded qualitative interviews. Verbatim transcripts were analyzed for potential themes and patterns. Results. A longitudinal multivariate model was developed to assess changes in stigma over the study period, overall, and with respect to participant characteristics. Baseline and 6-month stigma scores were higher for White and Other ethnicity persons relative to Black participants. At the 12-month time point, no statistical differences in stigma scores based on ethnicity were apparent. Interviews revealed Positive Peers as a nondiscriminatory community that offered a sense of belonging that appeared to have a restorative effect on negative self-image. Conclusions. Positive Peers provides a protected virtual space where young people living with HIV can converge in the common desire to support similar others. Mobile health applications that offer peer interaction may provide a persistent sense of belonging that neutralizes internalized stigmas in addition to benefits derived from application activity.

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“…Implementing shared decision making is challenging. Many patients feel that they lack the knowledge to make an informed decision and therefore underestimate the importance of personal preferences and individual experiences [ 7 , 8 ]. Patients often remember little of the verbal information they received during a consultation, and doctors tend to overestimate patients’ level of comprehension [ 9 , 10 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Impact of Visualization Format and Navigational Options on Laypeople’s Perception and Preference of Surgery Information Videos: Randomized Controlled Trial and Online Survey

et al. 2018

Self Cite

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Script of the audio track in both video versions At the beginning of the operation, the tendon, which will later be used to create the transplant, is removed. The surgeon makes a short incision on the inside of the shin where the tendon is located. A thread is wrapped around the semitendinosus tendon to separate it from the surrounding structures. Then the tendon tissue is disconnected from the bone. The loop is used to insert a ring knife. Using the knife, the tendon is completely separated from the muscle tissue and removed.

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Motivated Processing of Health-Related Information in Online Environments

Cited by 6 publications

References 73 publications

The Impact of Information Presentation and Cognitive Dissonance on Processing Systematic Review Summaries: A Randomized Controlled Trial on Bicycle Helmet Legislation

The Impact of Information Presentation and Cognitive Dissonance on Processing Systematic Review Summaries: A Randomized Controlled Trial on Bicycle Helmet Legislation

Positive Peers Mobile Application Reduces Stigma Perception Among Young People Living With HIV

The Impact of Visualization Format and Navigational Options on Laypeople’s Perception and Preference of Surgery Information Videos: Randomized Controlled Trial and Online Survey

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