Motion-onset VEPs: Characteristics, methods, and diagnostic use

Abstract

This review article summarises the research on the motion-onset visual evoked potentials (VEPs) and important motion stimulus parameters which have been clarified. For activation of the visual motion processing system and evocation of the motion-onset specific N2 peak (with latency of 160-200ms) from the extra-striate temporo-occipital and/or parietal cortex, the following stimulus parameters can be recently recommended: low luminance (<ca. 20cd/m(2)) and low contrast (<ca. 10%-sinusoidally modulated) of a moving structure with low velocity and temporal frequency (<ca. 6Hz). A short (up to 200ms) duration of motion and a long (at least 1s) inter-stimulus interval reduce adaptation to motion and predominance of a pattern-related P1 peak. Radial motion (with increasing velocity and decreasing spatial frequency towards the periphery) produces larger reactions as compared to a unidirectional translation. In view of the slow maturation (up to the age of 18 years) and early ageing of the visual motion processing system, the use of age-dependent latency norms may be necessary. Since early or selective involvement of the motion processing system is suspected in some CNS disorders, we suggest an evaluation of the utility of motion-onset VEPs as part of the electrophysiological CNS examination since this method may recognise motion processing involvement better than other methods. Motion-onset VEPs might increase the sensitivity of this examination for diagnosing CNS diseases including Multiple Sclerosis, Neuroborreliosis, Glaucoma, Dyslexia and Encephalopathies.

Motion and pattern cortical potentials in adults with high-functioning autism spectrum disorder

“…For most of our participants the P1 of the motion onset VEP was small and ill-defined, (< 2µV) and could not be fully analysed. Although the ASD group were younger than the TD group, and time to peak of the N160 increases with age [32], peak latency was similar between the groups. The finding of larger N160 amplitudes in the ASD group remained significant when age was not included as a covariate…”

“…The motion onset VEP in humans has a major motion related component (N160) occurring between 150 and 200 msec around the extra striate temporooccipital and associated parietal cortical areas with high contrast sensitivity [32][33][34][35]. The preceding P1 component is related to pattern processing at the onset of the motion stimulus [32,34] and associated with the striate cortex [35] whilst the P2 component occurring at ~ 220 msec with wide inter-subject variability [32] is believed to be associated with motion detection and is highly susceptible to motion adaptation [36].…”

“…The preceding P1 component is related to pattern processing at the onset of the motion stimulus [32,34] and associated with the striate cortex [35] whilst the P2 component occurring at ~ 220 msec with wide inter-subject variability [32] is believed to be associated with motion detection and is highly susceptible to motion adaptation [36].…”

Research on Feature Recognition on mVEP BCI

“…This article mainly conducts research on motion-onset visual evoked potential (mVEP) potential based BCI system. Element N2 is the most important component of the waveform features of mVEP, which often appears at about 130 ms, and the element N2 generated at the temporo-occipital area often appears at 160-200 ms, which mainly reflects the nerve activities involved in movement visual processing [11] . However, there are large differences on the ranges of N2 collected on the left and the right hemispheres on the brain, with no relevance to left handedness or right handedness [12] .…”

“…However, there are large differences on the ranges of N2 collected on the left and the right hemispheres on the brain, with no relevance to left handedness or right handedness [12] . According to numerous research findings, compared with traditional visual evoked potential, mVEP has larger range and smaller differences between different subjects and within the same subject [11] . mVEP has been widely applied due to the above feature.…”