Motion onset really does capture attention

Smith, Kendra C.; Abrams, Richard A.

doi:10.3758/s13414-018-1548-1

Cited by 22 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 17 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…A recent study found that a small fraction of BCs that target the DS circuit exhibit direction-selective tuning 67 . Neither this nor previous studies that recorded motion responses from BCs 79 , 80 have noted tuned axonal terminals. We agree with ref.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 70%

“…Similar to the effect of the center-surround antagonism on forming illusory enhancement of perception around edges 81 , our findings of motion processing in the early processing stages in the retina have intriguing psychophysical implications to the perception of novel stimuli over continuing motion and echo the salience of visual perception in humans 79 , 80 : the sudden appearance of new objects grabs attention reflexively; motion onset is less salient—but more noticeable than continuous motion. Our data propose that these computations are hard-wired in the retina and reflect the information content conveyed by the respective visual items.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 69%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Classical center-surround receptive fields facilitate novel object detection in retinal bipolar cells

et al. 2022

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Antagonistic interactions between center and surround receptive field (RF) components lie at the heart of the computations performed in the visual system. Circularly symmetric center-surround RFs are thought to enhance responses to spatial contrasts (i.e., edges), but how visual edges affect motion processing is unclear. Here, we addressed this question in retinal bipolar cells, the first visual neuron with classic center-surround interactions. We found that bipolar glutamate release emphasizes objects that emerge in the RF; their responses to continuous motion are smaller, slower, and cannot be predicted by signals elicited by stationary stimuli. In our hands, the alteration in signal dynamics induced by novel objects was more pronounced than edge enhancement and could be explained by priming of RF surround during continuous motion. These findings echo the salience of human visual perception and demonstrate an unappreciated capacity of the center-surround architecture to facilitate novel object detection and dynamic signal representation.

show abstract

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 70%

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 69%

Classical center-surround receptive fields facilitate novel object detection in retinal bipolar cells

et al. 2022

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The need to memorise fleeting or temporary stimuli explains why movement attracts attention (Abrams and Christ, 2003; Egeth and Yantis, 1997; Smith and Abrams, 2018; Wolfe and Horowitz, 2004), except when the movement itself is stable (continuous) and so does not need to be memorised (Abrams and Christ, 2003; Folk et al , 1994; Hillstrom and Yantis, 1994; Van der Burg et al , 2019). We expect, therefore, that fleeting (moving) stimuli will attract greater attention, as has been shown by previous research on dynamic video using the salience theory (Dayan et al , 2018; Detenber et al , 1998; Reeves et al , 1985; Simons et al , 1999; Simons et al , 2003; Yegiyan and Lang, 2010; Yegiyan and Yonelinas, 2011).…”

Section: Research Background and Hypothesesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of dynamic content on visual attention during video advertisements

Wooley

Bellman

Hartnett

et al. 2022

EJM

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Purpose Dynamic advertising, including television and online video ads, demands new theory and tools developed to understand attention to moving stimuli. The purpose of this study is to empirically test the predictions of a new dynamic attention theory, Dynamic Human-Centred Communication Systems Theory, versus the predictions of salience theory. Design/methodology/approach An eye-tracking study used a sample of consumers to measure visual attention to potential areas of interest (AOIs) in a random selection of unfamiliar video ads. An eye-tracking software feature called intelligent bounding boxes (IBBs) was used to track attention to moving AOIs. AOIs were coded for the presence of static salience variables (size, brightness, colour and clutter) and dynamic attention theory dimensions (imminence, motivational relevance, task relevance and stability). Findings Static salience variables contributed 90% of explained variance in fixation and 57% in fixation duration. However, the data further supported the three-way interaction uniquely predicted by dynamic attention theory: between imminence (central vs peripheral), relevance (motivational or task relevant vs not) and stability (fleeting vs stable). The findings of this study indicate that viewers treat dynamic stimuli like real life, paying less attention to central, relevant and stable AOIs, which are available across time and space in the environment and so do not need to be memorised. Research limitations/implications Despite the limitations of small samples of consumers and video ads, the results of this study demonstrate the potential of two relatively recent innovations, which have received limited emphasis in the marketing literature: dynamic attention theory and IBBs. Practical implications This study documents what does and does not attract attention to video advertising. What gets attention according to salience theory (e.g. central location) may not always get attention in dynamic advertising because of the effects of relevance and stability. To better understand how to execute video advertising to direct and retain attention to important AOIs, advertisers and advertising researchers are encouraged to use IBBs. Originality/value This study makes two original contributions: to marketing theory, by showing how dynamic attention theory can predict attention to video advertising better than salience theory, and to marketing research, showing the utility of tracking visual attention to moving objects in video advertising with IBBs, which appear underutilised in advertising research.

show abstract

“…Mechanistically speaking, the movement of the objects between trials, which resulted in all locations being unbiased (50% congruent such that locations were not predictive of differential levels of conflict and therefore not useful for modulating control) likely aided the formation of a CSPC effect by raising the salience of the object. Motion onset can capture attention (e.g., Smith & Abrams, 2018), such that the moving objects might have encouraged participants to attend to the object dimension before flanker stimulus onset. Given that object-based cognitive control relies on retrieval of control settings stimulated by processing of the object in which a stimulus is presented, this "head start" may have enhanced CSPC effects.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Revealing object-based cognitive control in a moving object paradigm.

Colvett,

Weidler,

Bugg

2023

Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Perfor

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Object-based attention and flexible adjustments of cognitive control based on contextual cues signaling the likelihood of distraction are well documented. However, no prior research has conclusively demonstrated that people flexibly adjust cognitive control to minimize distraction based on learned associations between task-irrelevant objects and distraction likelihood (i.e., object-based cognitive control). To fill this gap, we developed a novel paradigm during which participants responded to flanker stimuli appearing in one of multiple locations on two simultaneously presented objects. One object predicted a low likelihood of encountering an incongruent flanker stimulus and the other a high likelihood. After each response, the objects rotated clockwise such that all locations on average were 50% congruent, thereby eliminating confounds between location and likelihood of incongruence. Object-based cognitive control was evidenced by reduced flanker compatibility effects in the high compared to low conflict object. Across four experiments, we demonstrated that object-based cognitive control was dependent on a strong manipulation of the likelihood of conflict between objects and movement of the objects between trials. The novel evidence for objectbased cognitive control is important in showing that people exploit not only location as a cue to guide control, but additionally objects, mirroring evidence on object and location-based attention. Public Significance StatementNavigating daily life requires perceiving and interacting with objects. Previous research has shown that people can use locations or objects to guide their attention. Other research has shown that contextual cues (e.g., locations) that predict the likelihood of distraction guide cognitive control (e.g., how focused or distracted we are). However, it is not yet known whether objects guide cognitive control. We found that people focused their attention more for stimuli that appeared on an object they associated with high distraction than one they associated with low distraction. Moreover, people were more inclined to learn the level of distraction for an object when the objects were not stationary. This research expands knowledge about external cues humans use to optimize cognitive control as they navigate a world full of objects.

show abstract

Motion onset really does capture attention

Cited by 22 publications

References 17 publications

Classical center-surround receptive fields facilitate novel object detection in retinal bipolar cells

Classical center-surround receptive fields facilitate novel object detection in retinal bipolar cells

Influence of dynamic content on visual attention during video advertisements

Revealing object-based cognitive control in a moving object paradigm.

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About