Motion of the whole body's center of mass when stepping over obstacles of different heights

Chou, Li-Shan; Kaufman, Kenton R.; Brey, Robert H.; Draganich, Louis F.

doi:10.1016/s0966-6362(00)00087-4

Cited by 133 publications

(128 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…It involves sampling a constant flow of visual information in advance of the obstacle(s), and gait patterns can be adjusted accordingly. When stepping over obstacles, to unload the stepping leg the center of mass (COM) shifts in the anterior direction, and then the COM shifts in the mediolateral (M-L) direction toward the center of pressure (COP) of the supporting limb 9) . These adjustments create a moment of vertical reaction force that rotates the body forward at the ankle joints 10) .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Age-Related Changes in the Center of Pressure Trajectory during Obstacle Crossing

Kim

2009

J Phys Ther Sci

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Abstract.[Purpose] The purpose of this study was to determine how younger and older adults modulate the center of pressure (COP) trajectory in the anteroposterior (A-P) and mediolateral (M-L) directions while stepping over an obstacle and during gait initiation (GI).[Subjects] Fifteen community-dwelling healthy older adults and fifteen healthy younger adults volunteered to participate in this study.[Methods] Subjects initiated gait or stepped over an obstacle at a self-paced speed with the right limb, in response to auditory cues. Performance was assessed by recording changes in the displacement of the COP in the A-P and M-L directions using two force plates.[Results] For combined test conditions, the A-P and M-L displacements of the COP in the older adults were significantly lower than the A-P and M-L displacements of the COP in the younger adults (p < 0.05). However, there were no significant differences between GI and stepping conditions for the COP shift (p > 0.05).[Conclusion] These findings suggest that a reduction in the magnitude of the COP shift with obstacle avoidance diminishes the ability of older adults to generate forward momentum and to maintain the lateral stability that is highly related to falls.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Age-Related Changes in the Center of Pressure Trajectory during Obstacle Crossing

Kim

2009

J Phys Ther Sci

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“…27 Thus, the task poses high demands on balance control and the ability to modify movement kinetics, kinematics and spatiotemporal parameters to conform with the size of obstacles on the floor. [7][8][9]27 Then repetitive practice of the obstacle crossing task facilitated the improvement of functional ability as measured using the TUGT, FTSST and 10MWT. Importantly, the improvement was clearly seen in participants with chronic SCI.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Therefore, the task poses greater demands on the balance control, lower extremity motor strength and walking ability than unobstructed walking. [6][7][8][9] Currently, there is rare evidence on the incorporation of obstacle crossing training into rehabilitation practice for patients with SCI. Musselman et al 10 reported the benefit of an intensive and variable skill walking training program (including obstacle crossing) to improve walking ability in four participants with SCI.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Immediate effects of obstacle crossing training in independent ambulatory patients with spinal cord injury

et al. 2013

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Study design: A 2 Â 2 cross-over design. Objectives: To compare immediate effects of obstacle crossing training and conventional overground walking training on functional ability among independent ambulatory patients with spinal cord injury (SCI). Setting: A tertiary rehabilitation center, Thailand. Methods: Twenty independent ambulatory participants with SCI received a 1-day overground walking training and a 1-day obstacle crossing training program in a randomized cross-over design with a 2-day washout period. Immediately prior and after each training program, the functional ability of all participants was measured using the timed up and go test (TUGT), five times sit-to-stand test (FTSST) and 10-m walk test (10MWT). Results: The TUGT, FTSST and 10MWT data were significantly better after obstacle crossing training (Po0.001) but not after the overground walking training (P40.05). The improvement following obstacle crossing training was also significantly different from that of the overground walking training (Po0.05). Conclusion: Obstacle crossing training immediately enhanced functional ability related to walking of ambulatory participants with SCI. However, a further longitudinal study using a randomized controlled trial is needed to support benefits of incorporation of obstacle crossing training into rehabilitation practice.

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“…Motion data were reconstructed using EVA/RT software (Motion Analysis Corp) and filtered using a low-pass, fourth-order Butterworth filter with an 8-Hz cutoff frequency. Virtual markers at joint centers were created and combined with anthropometric data to determine the CoM locations for 13 body segments [6]. Laboratory-written programs (MATLAB 1 Version 7.0; The Mathworks Inc, Natick, MA) were used for further data processing.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A common surrogate for balance has been the interaction between the CoM and center of pressure (CoP) [6,7,13]. Specifically, the inclination angle formed between the line connecting the CoM and CoP and a vertical line passing through the CoP throughout the gait cycle provides a measure of balance control in the frontal and sagittal planes [20].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Short-term Recovery of Balance Control after Total Hip Arthroplasty

Lugade

Klausmeier

Jewett

et al. 2008

Clinical Orthopaedics &Amp; Related Research

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Hip osteoarthritis leads to chronic pain and deteriorated joint function, which affect weightbearing and balance during gait. THA effectively restores hip function but it is not known whether THA restores balance during gait. We hypothesized patients would have greater frontal plane and smaller sagittal plane center of mass-center of pressure inclination angles preoperatively compared with control subjects, and THA would improve these inclination angles by 16 weeks postsurgery. Compared with control subjects, we observed greater frontal plane inclination angles and smaller sagittal plane angles preoperatively, indicating gait imbalance. These inclination angles were improved postoperatively, providing better balance control. Despite improvement, patients differed in frontal and sagittal plane inclination angles compared with control subjects. This suggests residual deficits in dynamic balance control in patients undergoing THA before and up to 4 months after surgery.

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Motion of the whole body's center of mass when stepping over obstacles of different heights

Cited by 133 publications

References 39 publications

Age-Related Changes in the Center of Pressure Trajectory during Obstacle Crossing

Age-Related Changes in the Center of Pressure Trajectory during Obstacle Crossing

Immediate effects of obstacle crossing training in independent ambulatory patients with spinal cord injury

Short-term Recovery of Balance Control after Total Hip Arthroplasty

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