Abstract. Simple casting experiments were set up to solve the question, if heterogeneous nucleation of the liquid-liquid decomposition in monotectic systems is possible. Al-Pb alloys with different inoculants were solidified, and the resulting microstructure was analysed by SEM and X-ray microtomography. Pronounced changes in the distribution of the lead precipitations indicate that it is possible to trigger the nucleation.
IntroductionAll monotectic alloys are characterised by a miscibility gap in the liquid state. Although monotectic alloys have been under investigation since a few decades, the essential processes forming the microstructure in these alloys while passing the miscibility gap are not understood. Especially the mechanism of nucleation of liquid-liquid decomposition is currently unknown. Previous experiments and theories [1,2] showed large undercoolings for the decomposition and come to the conclusion, that the process is homogeneous. Recent experiments [3] on multicomponent monotectic aluminum alloys with grain refiners showed distinct changes on the size of precipitations of the minority L 2 phase.To further analyse the nucleation process during cooling through the miscibility gap we set up experiments with hypermonotectic Al-Pb alloys with grain refiners. The phase diagram of Al-Pb is shown in figure 1. The system exhibits a large miscibility gap spanning over almost the whole concentration range and with temperature boundaries reaching from 1422 • C (critical point) to 659 • C (monotectic reaction point).The classical grain refiner for Al-alloys is TiBAl 5/1, which consists mainly of Al 3 Ti (from excess titanium) and TiB 2 as active components. Besides TiBAl the effect of pure Ti or TiB 2 additions was also studied. Inoculation should have an effect on the undercooling needed to form the liquid precipitates after entering the miscibility gap, and therefore have an impact on the microstructure. The particle distribution after solidification of monotectic alloys is different from the point of nucleation because the precipitates are mobile and are susceptible to convection and coagulation.