Motion information is sometimes used as an aid to the visual tracking of objects

Howe, Piers D. L.; Holcombe, Alex O.

doi:10.1167/12.13.10

Cited by 33 publications

(57 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…Furthermore, the higher detection rates in the motion-change condition can be explained by the fact that the anticipated target locations of the polygon (Iordanescu, Grabowecky, & Suzuki, 2009) are no longer perceptible because of a target stop, whereas the polygon still exists in the form-change condition, causing lower detection rates. In this case, presumably because of the high tracking load with four targets (Fencsik et al, 2007;Howe & Holcombe, 2012;Luu & Howe, 2015), no motion extrapolation seems to be used in MOT. Hence, change detection results could be explained better with the multifocal theory and concurrent streams on the targets, where position information was used for tracking because participants were able to detect motion as well as form changes.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Detecting single-target changes in multiple object tracking: The case of peripheral vision

Vater

Kredel

Hossner

2016

Atten Percept Psychophys

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In the present study, we investigated whether peripheral vision can be used to monitor multiple moving objects and to detect single-target changes. For this purpose, in Experiment 1, a modified multiple object tracking (MOT) setup with a large projection screen and a constant-position centroid phase had to be checked first. Classical findings regarding the use of a virtual centroid to track multiple objects and the dependency of tracking accuracy on target speed could be successfully replicated. Thereafter, the main experimental variations regarding the manipulation of to-bedetected target changes could be introduced in Experiment 2. In addition to a button press used for the detection task, gaze behavior was assessed using an integrated eyetracking system. The analysis of saccadic reaction times in relation to the motor response showed that peripheral vision is naturally used to detect motion and form changes in MOT, because saccades to the target often occurred after target-change offset. Furthermore, for changes of comparable task difficulties, motion changes are detected better by peripheral vision than are form changes. These findings indicate that the capabilities of the visual system (e.g., visual acuity) affect change detection rates and that covert-attention processes may be affected by vision-related aspects such as spatial uncertainty. Moreover, we argue that a centroid-MOT strategy might reduce saccaderelated costs and that eyetracking seems to be generally valuable to test the predictions derived from theories of MOT.Finally, we propose implications for testing covert attention in applied settings.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Detecting single-target changes in multiple object tracking: The case of peripheral vision

Vater

Kredel

Hossner

2016

Atten Percept Psychophys

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“…Some researchers have argued that in multiple object tracking with at least four objects, motion information is not used to update indexes during the occlusion of the corresponding objects (Keane & Pylyshyn 2006;Horowitz et al 2006); rather, 'MOT through occlusion seems to rely on a simple heuristic based only on the proximity of reappearance locations to the objects' last known preocclusion locations' (Franconeri et al 2012, p. 700). However information about motion is sometimes available and used in tracking multiple objects simultaneously (Howe & Holcombe 2012;St Clair 2012). One possibility is that, in tracking four objects simultaneously, motion information can be used to distinguish targets from distractors but not to predict the future positions of objects (Howe & Holcombe 2012, p. 8).…”

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confidence: 99%

Perceiving expressions of emotion: What evidence could bear on questions about perceptual experience of mental states?

Butterfill

2015

Consciousness and Cognition

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What evidence could bear on questions about whether humans ever perceptually experience any of another's mental states, and how might those questions be made precise enough to test experimentally? is paper focusses on emotions and their expression. It is proposed that research on perceptual experiences of physical properties provides one model for thinking about what evidence concerning expressions of emotion might reveal about perceptual experiences of others' mental states. is proposal motivates consideration of the hypothesis that categorical perception of expressions of emotion occurs, can be facilitated by information about agents' emotions, and gives rise to phenomenal expectations. It is argued that the truth of this hypothesis would support a modest version of the claim that humans sometimes perceptually experience some of another's mental states. Much available evidence is consistent with, but insufficient to establish, the truth of the hypothesis. We are probably not yet in a position to know whether humans ever perceptually experience others' mental states.

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“…The reasons for these discrepant results between studies are not clear. However, some have suggested that there is some mechanism for making use of motion information for such extrapolatory processes which has a very low capacity (<=2 objects, Howe & Holcombe, 2012) and perhaps this very low capacity was not sufficient to result in detectable extrapolation for low loads in the experiments reported here.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 76%

Slower resting alpha frequency is associated with superior localisation of moving targets

Howard

Arnold

Belmonte

2017

Brain and Cognition

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We examined the neurophysiological underpinnings of individual differences in the ability to maintain up-to-date representations of the positions of moving objects. In two experiments similar to the multiple object tracking (MOT) task, we asked observers to monitor continuously one or several targets as they moved unpredictably for a semi-random period. After all objects disappeared, observers were immediately prompted to report the perceived final position of one queried target. Precision of these position reports declined with attentional load, and reports tended to best resemble positions occupied by the queried target between 0 and 30 ms in the past. Measurement of event-related potentials showed a contralateral delay activity over occipital scalp, maximal in the right hemisphere. The peak power-spectral frequency of observers' eyes-closed resting occipital alpha oscillations reliably predicted performance, such that lower-frequency alpha was associated with superior spatial localisation. Slower resting alpha might be associated with a cognitive style that depends less on memory-related processing and instead emphasises attention to changing stimuli.

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Motion information is sometimes used as an aid to the visual tracking of objects

Cited by 33 publications

References 23 publications

Detecting single-target changes in multiple object tracking: The case of peripheral vision

Detecting single-target changes in multiple object tracking: The case of peripheral vision

Perceiving expressions of emotion: What evidence could bear on questions about perceptual experience of mental states?

Slower resting alpha frequency is associated with superior localisation of moving targets

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