Motion Capture Applications in Forensic Injury Accident Reconstruction

Metzler, Sandra A.; Bookwalter, Jeffrey C.; Eiselstein, Nicholas P.

doi:10.4271/2007-01-2476

Cited by 3 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 2 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Biomechanical analyses have long played a role in vehicle accident investigation [1], typically performing injury analysis and the determination of occupant kinematics and impact forces to the body [2,3]. Metzler [4] discussed the use of a motion capture technique as a tool for use in injury accident reconstruction. Engin [5] and Wojcik [6] both discuss several non-automotive applications of forensic biomechanical analysis.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Methods of Accident Reconstruction: Biomechanical and Human Factors Considerations

Knox

Mathias

Stern

et al. 2015

Volume 14: Emerging Technologies; Safety Engineering and Risk Analysis; Materials: Genetics to Structures

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Accident reconstruction involving consumer products and industrial equipment often requires biomechanical and/or human factors analyses to help determine the root cause of an accident scenario. A systematic method has been established which incorporates numerous components of the sciences of biomechanics and human factors and uses the scientific method as the framework for evaluating competing theories. Using this method, available data are gathered pertaining to the accident or incident and organized in a modified Haddon matrix, with categories for Man [person(s) involved in the accident], Product/Machine, and Environment. Information about the person(s) is separated further into injury and human factors components. The injuries are viewed as physical evidence, where each injury occurred as a result of being exposed to a specific combination of energy, force, motion/deflection, acceleration, etc. The injuries are evaluated with known injury research and categorized with a specific type, location, mechanism, and injury threshold. This injury evidence is then reconciled with the other physical evidence developed from the accident environment and product/machine categories. Human factors evaluations of body size, posture, capabilities, sensory perception, reaction time, and movements create similar information that is also reconciled with the rest of the evidence from an accidental circumstance. At the core of this method is developing scientific data or information that can be used to support or refute accident reconstruction conclusions. An accurate and complete accident reconstruction using the available data must be consistent with the laws of physics, and the physics of interaction between the man, product/machine, and environment.

show abstract

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Methods of Accident Reconstruction: Biomechanical and Human Factors Considerations

Knox

Mathias

Stern

et al. 2015

Volume 14: Emerging Technologies; Safety Engineering and Risk Analysis; Materials: Genetics to Structures

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

An improved methodology to restrict the range of motion of mechanical joints

Rodrigues da Silva,

Marques,

Tavares da Silva

et al. 2024

Nonlinear Dyn

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Joints with rotational degrees of freedom, for instance, revolute, spherical, or universal joints, are commonly utilized in real-world scenarios. In the multibody systems methodology, mechanical joints usually are formulated as classical kinematic constraints such that there is no restriction of the range of motion (RoM) of the joint. Thus, the formulation must include additional restrictions to prevent the joints from performing unacceptable movements and to avoid unrealistic configurations of the connected bodies. Therefore, the aim of this work is to propose a methodology to restrict the RoM of mechanical joints. Joint resistance moments are applied to the bodies connected by the joint to mimic the dissipative behavior of the materials constituent of joints and to prevent unacceptable configurations of those bodies. The proposed methodology aims to extend and improve a previously published study, specifically in the definition of the RoM limits, calculation of the penalty moments, and establishment of their direction of application. Enhanced methods to deal with the detection of unacceptable joint configurations, namely the elliptical and polynomial approaches, are proposed. A parametrization procedure is described to correctly calculate the direction of the penalty moments to apply to the connected bodies. The methodology is investigated in the dynamic modeling and simulation of one demonstrative example of application, namely a simple pendulum. A parametric analysis is performed to assess the influence of the methodology parameters in the response of the model. The methodology allows the correct restriction of the RoM of joints, while preserving the mechanical energy of the system.

show abstract