Motion and rigidity of the Pacific Plate and implications for plate boundary deformation

Beavan, John; Tregoning, Paul; Bevis, Michael; Kato, Teruyuki; Meertens, Charles

doi:10.1029/2001jb000282

Cited by 260 publications

(290 citation statements)

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“…[51] Calais et al To compare with Calais et al, we re-ran the GPS2007.0 solution using ITRF2000 without correction for the origin translation rate (Data Set S4); we then compared the resultant rotation vector for NAM with Calais et al and with other studies (Figure 13) [Beavan et al, 2002;Márquez-Azúa and DeMets, 2003;Prawirodirdjo and Bock, 2004]. The rotation poles estimated from observations at IGS stations, including our solution, all agree within a spherical distance of $2°.…”

Section: Relative Plate Rotation Vectorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[34] A total of 71 stations was selected to represent plate motions, starting from the choice as in published studies of the plate kinematics (Table 4 and Figure 1b) [Dixon et al, 1996;Kogan et al, 2000;Beavan et al, 2002;Sella et al, 2002;Kreemer et al, 2003;Steblov et al, 2003;Prawirodirdjo and Bock, 2004]. In contrast with our selection, Argus [2007] included many more GPS stations in western Europe; we preferred less dense sampling of that region to ensure a proper contribution of Siberian stations to the estimated motion of the Eurasian plate.…”

Section: Choice Of Plates and Of Plate-defining Stationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Beavan et al [2002] estimated the motion of PAC using the same continuous stations augmented by six survey mode stations near the À1.6 ± 0.2 À0.2 ± 0.2 À1.3 ± 0.2 0.03 0.12 0.04 ITRF2000 À0.8 ± 0.2 0.4 ± 0.2 0.6 ± 0.2 0.09 À0.02 0.10 ITRF2005 À0.6 ± 0.2 À0.1 ± 0.2 2.5 ± 0.2 0.09 À0.02 0.10 boundary of the Pacific and Australian plates in the region of New Zealand.…”

Section: Pacific Platementioning

confidence: 99%

“…We compare the rotation vectors of GPS2007.0 with published GPS-based vectors and with geologic vectors updated from the NUVEL-1A [DeMets et al, 1994;Angermann et al, 1999;DeMets and Dixon, 1999;Beavan et al, 2002; . Plate-residual horizontal GPS velocities for the region of the Somalian plate (SOM) estimated in this study, with correction for the origin translation rate applied.…”

Section: Relative Plate Rotation Vectorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[7] The model of the plate kinematics presented here addresses the problem debated since the beginning of the space geodesy, How big are disagreements between the current plate motions and the motions averaged over several million years, the ''geologic'' timescale [Argus and Heflin, 1995;Larson et al, 1997;DeMets and Dixon, 1999;Kogan et al, 2000;Beavan et al, 2002;Sella et al, 2002;Calais et al, 2003a;Steblov et al, 2003]? Some discrepancies between geodetic and geologic models were resolved due to improvements in the geologic plate model based on updated marine magnetic surveys [DeMets and Dixon, 1999;Calais et al, 2003a].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Current global plate kinematics from GPS (1995–2007) with the plate‐consistent reference frame

Коган¹,

Steblov²

2008

J. Geophys. Res.

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[1] We present the vectors of rotation of 10 major lithospheric plates, estimated from continuous GPS observations at 192 globally distributed stations; 71 stations were selected as representing stable plate regions. All days for the period 1995.0-2007.0 were included in the analysis. In contrast to previous GPS plate models, our model is independent of international terrestrial reference frames (ITRF). The origin of our plate-consistent reference frame is the center of plate rotation (CP) rather than the center of mass of the entire Earth's system (CM) as in recent versions of ITRF. We estimate plate rotations and CP by minimizing the misfit between the horizontal velocities predicted by the plate model and the observed GPS velocities. If any version of ITRF is used as the reference frame, the drift of the ITRF origin relative to CP cannot be neglected in estimation of plate rotation vectors and plate-residual station velocities. The model of the plate kinematics presented here addresses the problem debated since the beginning of the space geodesy: how big are disagreements between the current plate motions and the motions averaged over several million years? We compare the vectors of relative plate rotations estimated here with the published vectors from GPS and geologic models. We also discuss the integrity of individual plates as exhibited by plate-residual station velocities. For seven largest plates, the RMS value of plate-residual station velocities in stable plate interiors is 0.5-0.9 mm/a; this value is an upper bound on deviation of real plates from infinite stiffness.

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Section: Relative Plate Rotation Vectorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Choice Of Plates and Of Plate-defining Stationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Pacific Platementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Relative Plate Rotation Vectorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Current global plate kinematics from GPS (1995–2007) with the plate‐consistent reference frame

Коган¹,

Steblov²

2008

J. Geophys. Res.

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Submarine gas seepage in a mixed contractional and shear deformation regime: Cases from the Hikurangi oblique‐subduction margin

Plaza‐Faverola

Pecher

Crutchley

et al. 2014

Geochem Geophys Geosyst

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[1] Gas seepage from marine sediments has implications for understanding feedbacks between the global carbon reservoir, seabed ecology, and climate change. Although the relationship between hydrates, gas chimneys, and seafloor seepage is well established, the nature of fluid sources and plumbing mechanisms controlling fluid escape into the hydrate zone and up to the seafloor remain one of the least understood components of fluid migration systems. In this study, we present the analysis of new three-dimensional high-resolution seismic data acquired to investigate fluid migration systems sustaining active seafloor seepage at Omakere Ridge, on the Hikurangi subduction margin, New Zealand. The analysis reveals at high resolution, complex overprinting fault structures (i.e., protothrusts, normal faults from flexural extension, and shallow (<1 km) arrays of oblique shear structures) implicated in fluid migration within the gas hydrate stability zone in an area of 2 3 7 km. In addition to fluid migration systems sustaining seafloor seepage on both sides of a central thrust fault, the data show seismic evidence for subseafloor gas-rich fluid accumulation associated with proto-thrusts and extensional faults. In these latter systems fluid pressure dissipation through time has been favored, hindering the development of gas chimneys. We discuss the elements of the distinct fluid migration systems and the influence that a complex partitioning of stress may have on the evolution of fluid flow systems in active subduction margins.

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Ta'u and Ofu/Olosega volcanoes: The “Twin Sisters” of Samoa, their P, T, X melting regime, and global implications

Hart

Jackson

2014

Geochem Geophys Geosyst

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The Samoan islands of Ta'u and Ofu/Olosega (Ofol hereafter) are single shield volcanoes that have erupted alkali basalt for the past 70 and 440 kyr, respectively. They are 20 km apart, and are the easternmost subaerial expressions of the Samoan plume. The isotopic data for these islands are published; we report here the first major and trace element data for Ofol. The two islands are similar isotopically and in trace elements. Their high 3 He/ 4 He marks them as being a FOZO mantle end-member. By comparing data from both volcanoes, we test the efficacy of melting models in constraining the mantle compositions and their P-T of melting. We show that the mantle sources are similar, with spidergrams that peak at Ta (43 BSE), and Lu 0.53 BSE. Melts and mantle sources both have Lu/Hf ratios that are too low to support measured 176 Hf/ 177 Hf ratios, pointing to a young enrichment event in the mantle source. Degrees of melting are 6.5% for Ta'u and 5.2% for Ofol. P-T of melting show a wide, overlapping range, but define a precise array; average values are 1475 C-77 km for Ta'u and 1550 C-110 km for Ofol. The deepest P-T estimate is 4.2 GPa and 1550 C. The P-T array is either a melting adiabat, or a mixing line of melts equilibrated at various depths. Kinetic modeling shows melt re-equilibration will be likely for ascent velocities (m/yr) less than 40/ (conduit radius in cm) 2 . P-T estimates for melting may typically be minimum values.

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Motion and rigidity of the Pacific Plate and implications for plate boundary deformation

Cited by 260 publications

References 53 publications

Current global plate kinematics from GPS (1995–2007) with the plate‐consistent reference frame

Current global plate kinematics from GPS (1995–2007) with the plate‐consistent reference frame

Submarine gas seepage in a mixed contractional and shear deformation regime: Cases from the Hikurangi oblique‐subduction margin

Ta'u and Ofu/Olosega volcanoes: The “Twin Sisters” of Samoa, their P, T, X melting regime, and global implications

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