Motility of Helicobacter pylori in a viscous environment

Ml, Worku; Rl, Sidebotham; Baron, J. H.; Jj, Misiewicz; Rp, Logan; Keshavarz, Tajalli; Qn, Karim

doi:10.1097/00042737-199910000-00012

Cited by 18 publications

(18 citation statements)

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“…Motilities of H. pylori from patients with duodenal ulcer or non-ulcer dyspepsia were not found to be significantly different, however, when bacteria were in the same phase of growth, nor could the H. pylori isolates investigated, irrespective of source, be divided into two populations with significantly different motilities when in the same phase of growth. These latter findings are consistent with those from an earlier study (Worku et al, 1999), in which we showed that the H. pylori motility, morphology and growth phase motilities of H. pylori (in exponential phase) from patients with duodenal ulcer or non-ulcer dyspepsia were not significantly different in viscous media, at viscosities equivalent to those within the gastric mucus layer. Collectively these are potentially important observations, since they argue that an inherent difference in motility between strains is unlikely to be the determinant of H. pylori pathology or, for instance, the greater density of epithelial colonization in the antrum of patients with duodenal ulcer, when compared to those with non-ulcer dyspepsia (Khulusi et al, 1995).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

The relationship between Helicobacter pylori motility, morphology and phase of growth: implications for gastric colonization and pathology

et al. 1999

Microbiology

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To explore the relationship between Helicobacter pylori motility, morphology and phase of growth, bacteria were isolated from antral biopsies of patients with duodenal ulcer or non-ulcer dyspepsia, and grown in liquid medium in batch and continuous culture systems. Motilities and morphologies of H. pylori in different phases of growth were examined with a Hobson BackTracker and by transmission electron microscopy. Morphologies of bacteria grown in vitro were also compared with those of bacteria in antral biopsies from patients with non-autoimmune gastritis. H. pylori had poor motility in lag phase, became highly motile in mid-exponential phase and lost motility in the decline phase of growth. Motilities of bacteria in the same phase of growth from patients with duodenal ulcer or non-ulcer dyspepsia were not significantly different. In the mid/late-exponential phase of growth bacteria had helical morphologies and multiple polar flagella, typical of H. pylori in the gastric mucus layer. In the decline phase of growth bacteria shed flagella, and had precoccoidal or coccoidal morphologies. These findings support the view that helical and coccoidal H. pylori are in different phases of growth with different roles in gastric colonization, indicate that bacterial motility per se is unlikely to be a determinant of H. pylori pathology, and suggest that H. pylori in the antral mucus layer is in a state of continuous (exponential phase) growth.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

The relationship between Helicobacter pylori motility, morphology and phase of growth: implications for gastric colonization and pathology

et al. 1999

Microbiology

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“…Industrially purified mucins are proteolytically processed and, as a result, have lost the gel-forming capacity characteristic of native mucins (22, 23). The polysaccharide methylcellulose is commonly used to mimic the viscosity of a mucus environment (24, 25). Sorbitol at high concentrations can induce osmotic stress; testing this condition is informative because the osmotic stress pathway is linked to hyphal formation (26).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mucins Suppress Virulence Traits of Candida albicans

Kavanaugh

Zhang

Nobile

et al. 2014

mBio

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Candida albicans is the most prevalent fungal pathogen of humans, causing a variety of diseases ranging from superficial mucosal infections to deep-seated systemic invasions. Mucus, the gel that coats all wet epithelial surfaces, accommodates C. albicans as part of the normal microbiota, where C. albicans resides asymptomatically in healthy humans. Through a series of in vitro experiments combined with gene expression analysis, we show that mucin biopolymers, the main gel-forming constituents of mucus, induce a new oval-shaped morphology in C. albicans in which a range of genes related to adhesion, filamentation, and biofilm formation are downregulated. We also show that corresponding traits are suppressed, rendering C. albicans impaired in forming biofilms on a range of different synthetic surfaces and human epithelial cells. Our data suggest that mucins can manipulate C. albicans physiology, and we hypothesize that they are key environmental signals for retaining C. albicans in the host-compatible, commensal state.

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“…The former swims at ~30 gm/s [42], the latter at 29-55 gm/s [43]. Similar speeds (22-33 gm s-) [44] are also exhibited by Helicobacter pylori, which uses 2-6 unipolar flagella to swim and chemotax in the human stomach.…”

Section: Strategies For Bacterial Chemotaxismentioning

confidence: 99%