Motility of Adherent Hemocytes as a Potential Marker of Immunocompetence and Immunotoxic Effects in Bivalves

Rioult, Damien; Cheikh, Yosra Ben; Péden, Romain; Bultelle, Florence; Betoulle, Stéphane; Lebel, Jean-Marc; Foll, Frank Le

doi:10.4081/xeno.2014.4899

Cited by 1 publication

(3 citation statements)

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“…Only one other study exists describing the effects of xenobiotics on the motility of molluscan hemocytes ( 85 ). The in vitro motility of hemocytes from mussels collected at a polluted site was lower compared to a relatively non-polluted site ( 85 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Comparisons with the literature are complicated by the fact that several studies use hemocytes collected from animals that have been injected with test chemical, after which the cells are quickly removed for analysis. In these cases, the quantity of chemical injected into the animals is known, but the precise level of systemic exposure to the cells is not (83,84) Only one other study exists describing the effects of xenobiotics on the motility of molluscan hemocytes (85). The in vitro motility of hemocytes from mussels collected at a polluted site was lower compared to a relatively non-polluted site (85).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In these cases, the quantity of chemical injected into the animals is known, but the precise level of systemic exposure to the cells is not (83,84) Only one other study exists describing the effects of xenobiotics on the motility of molluscan hemocytes (85). The in vitro motility of hemocytes from mussels collected at a polluted site was lower compared to a relatively non-polluted site (85). A direct comparison with our data is not possible due to differences in study designs, although we also found considerable reductions in hemocyte motility with increasing doses of our test chemicals.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Common aquatic pollutants modify hemocyte immune responses in Biomphalaria glabrata

et al. 2022

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Disruptions to reproductive health in wildlife species inhabiting polluted environments is often found to occur alongside compromised immunity. However, research on impacts of aquatic pollution on freshwater mollusc immune responses is limited despite their importance as vectors of disease (Schistosomiasis) in humans, cattle and wild mammals. We developed an in vitro ‘tool-kit’ of well-characterized quantitative immune tests using Biomphalaria glabrata hemocytes. We exposed hemocytes to environmentally-relevant concentrations of common aquatic pollutants (17β-estradiol, Bisphenol-A and p,p’-DDE) and measured key innate immune responses including motility, phagocytosis and encapsulation. Additionally, we tested an extract of a typical domestic tertiary treated effluent as representative of a ‘real-world’ mixture of chemicals. Encapsulation responses were stimulated by p,p’-DDE at low doses but were suppressed at higher doses. Concentrations of BPA (above 200 ng/L) and p,p’-DDE (above 500 ng/L) significantly inhibited phagocytosis compared to controls, whilst hemocyte motility was reduced by all test chemicals and the effluent extract in a dose-dependent manner. All responses occurred at chemical concentrations considered to be below the cytotoxic thresholds of hemocytes. This is the first time a suite of in vitro tests has been developed specifically in B. glabrata with the purpose of investigating the impacts of chemical pollutants and an effluent extract on immunity. Our findings indicate that common aquatic pollutants alter innate immune responses in B. glabrata, suggesting that pollutants may be a critical, yet overlooked, factor impacting disease by modulating the dynamics of parasite transmission between molluscs and humans.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%