Mothers’ Implicit and Explicit Attitudes and Attributions in Relation to Self-Reported Parenting Behavior

Johnston, Charlotte; Belschner, Laura; Park, Joanne L.; Stewart, Kurtis; Noyes, Amira; Schaller, Mark

doi:10.1080/15295192.2016.1184954

Cited by 32 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…Conscious cognitions are reportable explicit attributes and attitudes, whereas implicit or unconscious cognitions are more automatic and uncontrolled (eg, unconscious beliefs and expectations about child emotions). Johnston et al examined the contribution of both explicit and implicit parent cognitions about child misbehavior in evocative processes, showing that explicit and implicit cognitions had unique associations with negative parenting. Taken together, the developmental science research highlights the effect of parental cognitions about their children and their behaviors on parenting responses and behavior.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A biopsychosocial approach to processes and pathways in the development of overweight and obesity in childhood: Insights from developmental theory and research

Russell

2019

Obesity Reviews

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Summary Childhood obesity has reached alarming proportions in many countries. There is consensus that both biological (especially genetic) and environmental (including psychosocial) factors contribute to weight gain and obesity in childhood. Research has identified extensive risk or predictive factors for childhood obesity from both of these domains. There is less consensus about the developmental processes or pathways showing how these risk factors lead to overweigh/obesity (OW/OB) in childhood. We outline a biopsychosocial process model of the development of OW/OB in childhood. The model and associated scholarship from developmental theory and research guide an analysis of research on OW/OB in childhood. The model incorporates biological factors such as genetic predispositions or susceptibility genes, temperament, and homeostatic and allostatic processes with the psychosocial and behavioral factors of parenting, parental feeding practices, child appetitive traits, food liking, food intakes, and energy expenditure. There is an emphasis on bidirectional and transactional processes linking child biology and behavior with psychosocial processes and environment. Insights from developmental theory and research include implications for conceptualization, measurement, research design, and possible multiple pathways to OW/OB. Understanding the developmental processes and pathways involved in childhood OW/OB should contribute to more targeted prevention and intervention strategies in childhood.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A biopsychosocial approach to processes and pathways in the development of overweight and obesity in childhood: Insights from developmental theory and research

Russell

2019

Obesity Reviews

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“…Maternal child-blaming attributions were assessed using nine vignettes of common child misbehaviours that were ambiguous with respect to the cause. These vignettes were drawn from previous studies (e.g., Johnston et al, 2017;Johnston, Chen, & Ohan, 2006) and depicted common child misbehaviours. For this study, 18 vignettes were piloted with a group of graduate students and individuals familiar with children (n = 20) and nine vignettes were chosen based on ratings that indicated they best depicted common misbehaviours that were appropriate for 6-10-year-old boys and girls.…”

Section: Dependent Variables (Dvs)mentioning

confidence: 99%

The Relations Among Stress, Executive Functions, and Harsh Parenting in Mothers

Park

Johnston

2020

J Abnorm Child Psychol

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Stress is a common experience in most mothers' lives, and theoretical models posit that mothers' experience of stress may spillover into their parenting behaviours. However, individual factors, such as maternal executive functioning (EF) skills, may buffer the association between stress and parenting. Research has examined these associations using correlational designs with socioeconomic status (SES) and household chaos used as indicators of stress, and has demonstrated inconsistent patterns with regard to the moderating role of EF. The first aim of this study was to replicate previous findings by examining how maternal EF moderates the association between SES and household chaos, and harsh parenting. Furthermore, because correlational research designs preclude the ability to make causal inferences about the effects of stress on parenting, the second aim of this study extended existing research by investigating the effects of experimentally induced stress on harsh parenting behaviours and whether maternal EF moderates these effects. The second aim also investigated these questions in relation to childblaming attributions. To accomplish these aims, a sample of 104 mothers with children (6-10 years old) participated in a laboratory-based study. Mothers completed measures that assessed their EF skills, household chaos, SES, and harsh parenting behaviours. Additionally, mothers were randomly assigned to either a stress group, where they performed a speech in front of a panel of judges, or a control group. Following the stress (or control) induction, mothers rated their child-blaming attributions and harsh parenting behaviours in response to vignettes of common child misbehaviours. Findings from the first aim revealed an interaction between household chaos and EF (assessed with cognitive tasks), such that greater EF skills reduced the association between household chaos and harsh parenting behaviours. However, findings from the second aim indicated no significant effects of experimentally induced stress on child-blaming This study was approved by the Behavioural Research Ethics Board at the University of British Columbia (Approval Certificate Number: H17-02560).

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“…Morey and Gentzler [ 165 ] examined parents’ perceptions of and responses to children’s emotions. Johnston et al [ 166 ] showed that there is a need to examine the role of both conscious and implicit parent cognitions in evocative process associated with child behaviors. Conscious cognitions pertain to reportable explicit attributes and attitudes, whereas implicit cognitions are more automatic and uncontrolled.…”

Section: Biology Integrated With Psychosocial Processesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biological and Psychosocial Processes in the Development of Children’s Appetitive Traits: Insights from Developmental Theory and Research

Russell

2018

Nutrients

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There has been increasing concern expressed about children’s food intakes and dietary patterns. These are closely linked to children’s appetitive traits (such as disinhibited eating and food fussiness/neophobia). Research has examined both biological and psychosocial correlates or predictors of these traits. There has been less focus on possible processes or mechanisms associated with children’s development of these traits and research that links biological and psychosocial factors. There is an absence of research that links biological and psychosocial factors. In the present article, we outline a model intended to facilitate theory and research on the development of appetitive traits. It is based on scholarship from developmental theory and research and incorporates biological factors such as genetic predispositions and temperament as well as psychosocial factors in terms of parent cognitions, feeding styles and feeding practices. Particular attention is directed to aspects such as emotional eating and feeding, self-regulation of energy intake, and non-shared family environments. We highlight the opportunity for longitudinal research that examines bidirectional, transactional and cascade processes and uses a developmental framework. The model provides a basis for connecting the biological foundations of appetitive traits to system-level analysis in the family. Knowledge generated through the application of the model should lead to more effective prevention and intervention initiatives.

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Mothers’ Implicit and Explicit Attitudes and Attributions in Relation to Self-Reported Parenting Behavior

Cited by 32 publications

References 41 publications

A biopsychosocial approach to processes and pathways in the development of overweight and obesity in childhood: Insights from developmental theory and research

A biopsychosocial approach to processes and pathways in the development of overweight and obesity in childhood: Insights from developmental theory and research

The Relations Among Stress, Executive Functions, and Harsh Parenting in Mothers

Biological and Psychosocial Processes in the Development of Children’s Appetitive Traits: Insights from Developmental Theory and Research

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