Mothers' and fathers' parenting challenges, strategies, and resources in toddlerhood

Fathers' Perspectives on Coparenting in the Context of Child Feeding

“…12 Moreover, the few studies that have included fathers have small sample sizes, recruit fathers through mothers or children, and focus on white, welleducated fathers cohabiting with the child's mother. 13 As family structures evolve and gender-based parenting roles converge, 14 studying fathers becomes a research priority to further our understanding of their role in child feeding as it relates to both the child and to the child's mother.…”

Parents with Intellectual Disabilities Experiencing Challenging Child Routines: A Pilot Study Using Embedded Self‐Determination Practices

“…; Kwon et al . ). However, behavioural difficulties can persist for a smaller percentage of children.…”

“…During early childhood, challenging behaviours such as tantrums, refusing to follow directions and sibling aggression are common (Crnic & Greenberg 1990;Campbell et al 2000;Kwon et al 2013). However, behavioural difficulties can persist for a smaller percentage of children.…”

Mindfulness During Pregnancy and Parental Stress in Mothers Raising Toddlers

“…Toddlerhood is a time associated with specific challenges for parents that can be associated with parental stress (Kwon et al 2013), corresponding to toddlers having a high need for autonomy and independence on the one hand, and a high need for support in regulating his behavior and emotions on the other hand (Bechtel-Kuehne et al 2016; NICHD Early Child Care Research Network 2004). Crnic and Booth (1991) studied parents' daily hassles (which was operationalized as challenging child behavior and tasks associated with parenting) in parents with children aged 9 to 12 months, 18 to 24 months, and 30 to 36 months, and found that this form of parental stress increased over time.…”

“…Crnic and Booth (1991) studied parents' daily hassles (which was operationalized as challenging child behavior and tasks associated with parenting) in parents with children aged 9 to 12 months, 18 to 24 months, and 30 to 36 months, and found that this form of parental stress increased over time. A qualitative study by Kwon et al (2013) found that behavioral and developmental characteristics of toddlers (e.g., stubbornness, aggressiveness, independence, and limited emotion regulation), as well as being unable to communicate efficiently with a toddler, were challenging and stressful aspects for parents of toddlers.…”