Motherhood in Liminal Spaces

Rauktis, Mary Elizabeth; Fusco, Rachel A.; Goodkind, Sara; Bradley-King, Cynthia

doi:10.1177/0886109916630581

Cited by 25 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…Black-White Biracial youth may also be more accepting of ERS messages around Blackness if they come from a Black parent. Relatedly, some White parents have acknowledged that although they discussed Black experiences and barriers with their children, they felt that their White privilege may have inhibited their ability to do so effectively (Rauktis et al, 2016). Thus, it is important to explore how White and Black parents convey messages about Black pride and bias to their children and examine whether these messages differentially impact the racial identification of their children.…”

Section: Parental Factors On Biracial Identificationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exploring the association between parental ethnic–racial socialization and parental closeness on Black–White biracial adolescents’ choice of racial identification toward blackness.

Winchester¹,

Green²,

Jones³

2023

Cultural Diversity & Ethnic Minority Psychology

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Objective: To explore the influences of Black–White biracial adolescents’ choice to racially identify with Blackness, parental ethnic–racial socialization (ERS) messages, parental race, and perceived parental closeness were examined. Specifically, this study investigated how messages that promote monoracial Black pride and messages that prepare youth for monoracial Black bias may be related to adolescents’ identification with Blackness, and whether parental race or parental closeness moderated these relationships. Method: Three hundred thirty Black–White biracial adolescents (Mage = 14.82) were recruited across the United States via social media. Participants completed the Racial Socialization Questionnaire for Biracial Adolescents and a demographic questionnaire to indicate how close they felt to each parent. The analytic sample (n = 280) included respondents who racially identified as exclusively Black, blended Black, or exclusively biracial. Results: Multinomial logistic regression analyses revealed significant differences in the association between ERS messages and adolescent racial identification based on the race of the parent socializer. Further moderation analyses indicated that parental closeness, particularly regarding fathers, amplifies these findings. Conclusion: Maternal and paternal ERS messages are differentially associated with biracial adolescents’ choice of racial identification toward Blackness. interestingly, ERS messages from White parents seem to significantly influence racial identification compared to Black parents. Parental closeness further elucidates these findings.

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Section: Parental Factors On Biracial Identificationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exploring the association between parental ethnic–racial socialization and parental closeness on Black–White biracial adolescents’ choice of racial identification toward blackness.

Winchester¹,

Green²,

Jones³

2023

Cultural Diversity & Ethnic Minority Psychology

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“…It may also include the inclusion and placement of representative items in the environment (Snyder, 2012). Whether deliberate or indeliberate, parents who do not speak about differences in race or acknowledge all ethnicities within a family, may be creating or contributing to grounds for confusion and shame around racial identity in the child's childhood and adulthood (Kerwin et al, 1993;Rauktis et al, 2016).…”

Section: Racial Socializationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Parents constructions of their child's Black-white (bi)racial identity(ies): A critical discourse analysis

Witlarge¹

2023

Preprint

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<p>Past research suggests that biracial individuals experience racism similar to that of other racialized groups (Anderson, 2015) and that they are better able to confront racism and the challenges that come with identifying with more than one race when parents openly discuss racial differences (Rollins & Hunter, 2013; Snyder, 2012). Employing a Critical Race Theoretical framework and utilizing Critical Discourse Analysis (CDA), this study was two-fold in that it explored the constructions of six parents with black-white biracial children as it related to their child/ren’s racial identity(ies) and also examined the way that black-white biracial children’s identities were represented and supported in family support settings. Using Gee’s (2011) toolkit for CDA, five main discourses were identified in the data: colour blindness, children are too young to understand race, ‘blackness’ is negative, white fragility allows white people to offload responsibility, and that Eurocentric ideals are considered the norm in family support settings.</p>

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“…Another common form of implicit racial socialization in Multiracial-Black families is indirect communication (e.g., overhearing racial discussions among parents or other familial adults). For example, a Black father in Rauktis et al (2016) study shared that he told his white wife that "as a Black man he never leaves home without identification due to safety concerns" after encouraging him to continue driving when he forgot it. If their children overheard this exchange, it could be an implicit source of preparation for anti-Black racism.…”

Section: Mrb-sm Component #2: the Process Of Transmissionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Multiracial‐Black Socialization Model: Conceptualizing racial socialization in Multiracial‐Black families

Green

Bryant

2023

Family Process

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Scholars have spent the last four decades expanding the theoretical understanding of parental racial socialization—or parent–child communication about race. What is largely absent from existing conceptualizations, however, is a consideration for how the practice manifests in Multiracial families. The interracial structure of Multiracial families complicates racial socialization in ways that are not being captured in empirical research due to the overreliance on universal frameworks. It is imperative that we close this theoretical gap as the proportion of Multiracial families in the United States is expanding at record rates. Accordingly, we present the Multiracial‐Black Socialization Model (MRB‐SM) in this paper. The MRB‐SM is designed explicitly for Multiracial‐Black families, one of the fastest‐growing sub‐groups of Multiracial families. The model builds upon the strengths of universal socialization theories by outlining the content, process, and context components of racial socialization in Multiracial‐Black families. The implications for research are discussed.

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Motherhood in Liminal Spaces

Cited by 25 publications

References 39 publications

Exploring the association between parental ethnic–racial socialization and parental closeness on Black–White biracial adolescents’ choice of racial identification toward blackness.

Exploring the association between parental ethnic–racial socialization and parental closeness on Black–White biracial adolescents’ choice of racial identification toward blackness.

Parents constructions of their child's Black-white (bi)racial identity(ies): A critical discourse analysis

The Multiracial‐Black Socialization Model: Conceptualizing racial socialization in Multiracial‐Black families

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