Mother-to-Child Transmission of Congenital Chagas Disease, Japan

Imai, K.; Maeda, Takeshi; Sayama, Yusuke; Mikita, Kei; Fujikura, Yuji; Misawa, Kazuhisa; Nagumo, Morichika; Iwata, Osamu; Ono, Takeshi; Kurane, Ichiro; Miyahira, Yasushi; Kawana, Akihiko; Miura, Sachio

doi:10.3201/eid2001.131071

Cited by 43 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…1 Although previously confined to rural areas in Central and South America, it has now spread into urban zones in Latin America, North America, Europe, and even Japan. 2,3 The migration of chronically infected and asymptomatic individuals has led to the globalization of the disease. Moreover, its vectorial transmission by kissing bugs is no longer the unique mode of transmission.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Benznidazole Nanoformulates: A Chance to Improve Therapeutics for Chagas Disease

Vinuesa

Herráez

Oliver

et al. 2017

The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Benznidazole Nanoformulates: A Chance to Improve Therapeutics for Chagas Disease

Vinuesa

Herráez

Oliver

et al. 2017

The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

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“…The migratory exodus of Latin American populations to developed countries has generated important changes in the epidemiological profile and transmission dynamics of the disease; contributing with its establishment in urban regions . In addition, the prevalence of 1%‐4% reported in immigrants from Europe, Canada, Australia and Japan and the gradual increase of migration patterns in the last decades have increased the risk of transmissions to native citizens of developed countries, especially by blood transfusion . Although the overall prevalence is 4% in immigrants, this condition can vary depending on the country or geographical region of origin.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For example, studies conducted in different regions of Europe showed that migrants from Bolivia have the highest percentage of infection (18%) with respect to other migrants from other Latin American countries . In contrast, countries such as Canada, Australia and Japan have lower prevalence due to a limited migration …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…decades have increased the risk of transmissions to native citizens of developed countries, especially by blood transfusion. 2,[10][11][12] Although the overall prevalence is 4% in immigrants, this condition can vary depending on the country or geographical region of origin. For example, studies conducted in different regions of Europe showed that migrants from Bolivia have the highest percentage of infection (18%) with respect to other migrants from other Latin American countries.…”

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confidence: 99%

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High sensitivity and reproducibility of in‐house ELISAs using different genotypes of Trypanosoma cruzi

Caballero

Corrêa

Nascimento

et al. 2019

Parasite Immunology

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Summary The adequate choice of Trypanosoma cruzi strains as antigen source for the diagnosis of Chagas disease is still controversial due to differences in terms of accuracy reported between different diagnostic tests. In this study was determined if the genetic variability between different genotypes of T. cruzi (TcI, TcII and TcIV) affect the final diagnosis of Chagas disease. The sensitivity and specificity index of in‐house ELISA tests prepared with different T. cruzi strains were evaluated with chagasic and non‐chagasic control sera and using the TESA‐blot as a reference test. The results of this study revealed that the sensitivity index did not vary, with percentages of 100% for all strains in both tests. However, the specificity index for ELISA tests showed differences between 92% and 98%, but were reduced to 78%‐89% when Leishmania‐positive sera were included. All ELISAs and TESA‐blot prepared with different antigens and the recombinant Wiener test were challenged in an endemic community for Chagas disease in Panama. Both ELISAs and TESA‐blot recognized the same positive sera, corroborating the sensitivity indexes (100%) found with the control sera. The TESA‐blot maintained the specificity index of 100% and did not display false positives. However, the recombinant Wiener test decreased its sensitivity to 81.25%.

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“…To date, the majority of centers have reported a mild chronic Chagas disease (indeterminate form or mild cardiac forms) in approximately 2/3 of patients and less commonly the digestive or cardiodigestive form, as shown in Table 2 [10–14, 16–21, 28]. However, centers in Spain and the USA have also registered chronic Chagas disease patients with severe cardiopathy [21,26].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Interdisciplinary approach at the primary healthcare level for Bolivian immigrants with Chagas disease in the city of São Paulo

et al. 2017

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Background/MethodsIn a pioneering cross-sectional study among Bolivian immigrants in the city of São Paulo, Brazil, the epidemiological profile, clinical manifestations and morbidity of Chagas disease were described. The feasibility of the management of Chagas disease at primary healthcare clinics using a biomedical and psychosocial interdisciplinary approach was also tested. Previously, a Trypanosoma cruzi (T. cruzi) infection rate of 4.4% among 633 immigrants was reported. The samples were screened using two commercial enzyme-linked immunoassay (ELISA) tests generated with epimastigote antigens, and those with discrepant or seropositive results were analyzed by confirmatory tests: indirect immunofluorescence (IFI), TESA-blot and a commercial recombinant ELISA. PCR and blood cultures were performed in seropositive patients.ResultsThe majority of the 28 seropositive patients were women, of whom 88.89% were of child-bearing age. The predominant clinical forms of Chagas disease were the indeterminate and atypical cardiac forms. Less than 50% received the recommended antiparasitic treatment of benznidazole. An interdisciplinary team was centered on primary healthcare physicians who applied guidelines for the management of patients. Infectologists, cardiologists, pediatricians and other specialists acted as reference professionals. Confirmatory serology and molecular biology tests, as well as echocardiography, Holter and other tests, were performed for the assessment of affected organs in secondary healthcare centers. The published high performance of two commercial ELISA tests was not confirmed.ConclusionAn interdisciplinary approach including antiparasitic treatment is feasible at the primary healthcare level for the management of Chagas disease in Bolivian immigrants. The itinerant feature of immigration was associated with a lack of adherence to antiparasitic treatment and was considered a main challenge for the clinical management of this population. This approach is recommended for management of the infected population in endemic and nonendemic areas, although different strategies are needed depending on the severity of the disease and the structure of the healthcare system.

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Mother-to-Child Transmission of Congenital Chagas Disease, Japan

Abstract: We report a patient with congenital Chagas disease in Japan. This report reemphasizes the role of neglected and emerging tropical diseases in the era of globalization. It also indicates the need for increased vigilance for detecting Chagas disease in non–disease-endemic countries.

Cited by 43 publications

References 9 publications

Benznidazole Nanoformulates: A Chance to Improve Therapeutics for Chagas Disease

Benznidazole Nanoformulates: A Chance to Improve Therapeutics for Chagas Disease

High sensitivity and reproducibility of in‐house ELISAs using different genotypes of Trypanosoma cruzi

Interdisciplinary approach at the primary healthcare level for Bolivian immigrants with Chagas disease in the city of São Paulo

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