Mother's Knowledge and Attitudes towards Visual Acetate Acid Inspection Test in Surabaya

Abstract

<jats:p>Background: The incidence of cervical cancer in Indonesia is still high due to the poor awareness of married women about the necessity to check themselves with a pap smear/IVA test for early detection and possible cure. The implementation of the IVA examination still experiences obstacles due to lack of knowledge and fear. Design and Methods: This study aims to determine the relationship between knowledge and attitudes of mothers with IVA test, using the analytical and cross-sectional study. Data were obtained from mothers that visited the family planning section of the Maternal and Child Health (MCH) Center. Out of a total of 184 mothers, 126 samples were chosen by purposive sampling technique. Results: The results showed that 59.5% of respondents had scarce knowledge on IVA tests, 66.7% had unsupportive attitudes towards it, and 54.8% were not willing to carry out the tests. This study explains that there is a significant relationship between knowledge and attitude with a P-value of 0.000.Conclusions: In conclusion, various factors influence the participation of IVA examination, namely lack of knowledge, inability to access information, and fear.</jats:p>

Barriers to and Facilitators of Cervical Cancer Screening among Women in Southeast Asia: A Systematic Review

“…Two studies reported pap smears for CCS [ 72 , 73 ], while two studies reported both pap smear and VIA [ 81 , 82 ]. The prevalence of having a screening done in the past ranged from 5.5% to 33.3% [ 71 , 72 , 73 , 76 , 80 , 81 , 85 ], while participants’ desire to screen was 45.2% and 57.4% based on two studies [ 77 , 84 ].…”

“…No studies reported barriers related to demographics or socio-economic status. Embarrassment [ 74 , 81 ], knowledge deficits in CCS [ 81 , 84 ], having no symptoms [ 74 , 81 ], and fear of result [ 76 , 81 ], were among the top barriers in Indonesia. Two studies described the lack of knowledge of cervical cancer as a barrier to CCS, which was only reported in Indonesia [ 74 , 81 ].…”

“…A majority of the studies (n = 81) were cross-sectional or case-control studies, while the rest were qualitative (n = 9) or mixedmethods (n = 3) studies. Most of the studies were conducted in Malaysia (35.5%, n = 33) , followed by Thailand (24.7%, n = 23) , Indonesia (16.1%, n = 15) [71][72][73][74][75][76][77][78][79][80][81][82][83][84][85], and Singapore (15.1%, n = 14) [86][87][88][89][90][91][92][93][94][95][96][97][98][99]. None of the studies were conducted in the Philippines and Timor-Leste.…”

Facilitators and barriers for the delivery and uptake of cervical cancer screening in Indonesia: a scoping review

“…This type of support was commonly characterised as any emotional or tangible support such as active encouragement to seek CC screening, assistance to attend services or to access information or to provide an open and positive communication about the topic. Fourteen publications discussed the positive impact of such support on women’s CC screening uptake and were conducted in West, Central and East Java [ 22 , 23 , 35–38 , 40 , 45 , 49 , 53 , 55–57 , 62 ]. Husband support was stated as a significant facilitator for increasing CC screening uptake in multiple studies across West, Central and East Java (n = 6) [ 22 , 35–37 , 49 , 55 ].…”

“…Fourteen publications discussed the positive impact of such support on women’s CC screening uptake and were conducted in West, Central and East Java [ 22 , 23 , 35–38 , 40 , 45 , 49 , 53 , 55–57 , 62 ]. Husband support was stated as a significant facilitator for increasing CC screening uptake in multiple studies across West, Central and East Java (n = 6) [ 22 , 35–37 , 49 , 55 ]. Husband support included gaining permission from spouses to access CC screening services, being encouraged or advised by spouses to seek CC screening services and being accompanied to CC screening services by one’s husband.…”