“…The benefits of parental involvement for academic achievement have been well established in the Western literature (Castelli, Pieri, Addimando, & Pepe, 2011;Epstein, 1991;Sheldon & Epstein, 2005;Van Voorhis, Maier, Epstein, & Lloyd, 2013) as well as for Taiwanese sample (Chen, Newland, Liang, & Giger, 2016;Ho et al, 2016). However, when the focus of investigation is restricted to within-family processes, little systematic research has focused on the types of parental involvement and the strength of associations with cognitive and social outcomes as they vary across development.…”