Moth Bean (Vigna aconitifolia) as Potential Supplement to Evaluate the Weight Gain in Wistar Albino Rats (Rattus norvegicus)

Abstract

Vigna aconitifolia is an essential crop in Indian agriculture, predominantly cultivated in India. It is acknowledged for its significant nutritional value and its affordability, making it a valuable dietary choice for individuals facing economic challenges. This study investigates the potential of ungerminated and germinated Vigna aconitifolia seeds as a dietary supplement to evaluate their effects on weight growth and general health in Wistar Albino Rats. The Wistar Albino Rats were categorized into three groups viz., Group I (Control), Group II (Fed with ungerminated Vigna aconitifolia) and Group III (Fed with germinated Vigna aconitifolia). The rats were given unrestricted access to water and food for a duration of 28 days. Water and food consumption and changes in body weight were observed on days 1, 7, 14, 21 and 28. On day 29, animals were killed and their kidneys and intestines histopathologically examined. Although the ungerminated and germinated groups consumed similar amounts of water, both consumed more than the control group. On the 28th day, ungerminated Vigna aconitifolia had significantly lower food intake compared to germinated and regular feed groups (P<0.05). Rats given both ungerminated and germinated seeds gained more weight. All groups had normal kidney histology, with no tubular epithelial cell degeneration or congestion. Rats administered ungerminated and germinated Vigna aconitifolia had villi, mucus-secreting epithelium and glands in their ileums but no hyperplasia or edema. The study found that Wistar Albino Rats gain weight when supplemented with germinated Vigna aconitifolia. This shows it could be a growth-promoting nutritional supplement. Further research is needed to determine the fundamental processes behind the claimed effects.