Mosquito Control Activities during Local Transmission of Zika Virus, Miami-Dade County, Florida, USA, 2016

McAllister, Janet; Porcelli, Mario C.; Medina, Johana; Delorey, Mark J.; Connelly, C. Roxanne; Godsey, Marvin S.; Panella, Nicholas A.; Dzuris, Nicole; Boegler, Karen A.; Kenney, Joan L.; Kothera, Linda; Vizcaino, Lucrecia; Lenhart, Audrey; Mutebi, John-Paul; Vasquez, Chalmers

doi:10.3201/eid2605.191606

Cited by 30 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…In addition, mosquito surveillance is enhanced by the existence of ongoing meteorological, climatological, and water table monitoring (26). This demonstrates that although Florida mosquito control programs have a long history and experience with the Culex-arbovirus systems, they are also capable of providing mosquito control against Culex species as evidenced by the quick mitigation of the 2016 ZIKV outbreak (27).…”

Section: Mosquito Program Capabilities For Arbovirus Population Envmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fighting the Bite during a Crisis: Capabilities of Florida Mosquito Control Districts during the COVID-19 Pandemic

Moise

Ortiz-Whittingham

Omachonu

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Background: The national wide lockdown order imposed in early April 2020 due to the COVID-19 pandemic complicated mosquito control activities across the United States (US), and Florida is no exception. Mosquito control programs are the first line of defense against mosquitoes-borne pathogens in the state of Florida. The purpose of this study was to examine the capabilities of Florida mosquito programs to implement key mosquito measures during the COVID-19 pandemic.Methods: In a self-administered online survey, we examined capabilities of all Florida mosquito control programs during the COVID-19 pandemic (both state-approved mosquito districts (N=63) and open programs (N=27). Descriptive statistics were used to summarize information about the characteristics of responding programs, as well as the implemented mosquito control and surveillance activities. We used bivariate analysis to compare the characteristics of these responding programs and the self-reported mosquito measures.Results: Of the recruited mosquito control programs, 77 completed the survey (85.6% response rate; 77/90). Of these, 57.5% (n=42) were Board of County Commissioners (BOCC) mosquito control programs, 21.9% (n=16) were independent tax district programs, 13.7% (n=10) were municipal mosquito control programs, and only 6.8% (n=5) were either health or emergency department mosquito control programs. Except for arbovirus surveillance, most programs either fully or partially performed larval (61.8%) and adult (78.9%) surveillance; and for Aedes aegypti (85.2%, n=54), Aedes albopictus (87.3%, n=55), Culex quinquefasciatus (92.1%, n=58), and Culex nigripalpus (91.9%, n=57).Conclusions: Findings underscore the importance of ongoing mosquito control activities and suggests that Florida mosquito control programs are vigilant and have significant capability to handle potential mosquito-borne disease threats, but arbovirus surveillance systems; laboratory testing of mosquito pools and testing of human and nonhuman specimens for arboviruses are needed during pandemics as well.

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Section: Mosquito Program Capabilities For Arbovirus Population Envmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fighting the Bite during a Crisis: Capabilities of Florida Mosquito Control Districts during the COVID-19 Pandemic

Moise

Ortiz-Whittingham

Omachonu

et al. 2020

Preprint

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“…WALS® application of Bti AM65‐52 WDG has been successful for dengue vector and disease suppression in Malaysia 10, 11 and in Key West, Florida 12 . WALS® was also used successfully in Miami, Florida 13 and Brownsville, Texas 14 during the Zika crisis of 2016. Therefore, in an effort to find a solution that can be applied to entire communities at speed and at scale, a trial was launched in Puerto Rico to test the effectiveness of applying Bacillus thuringiensis israelensis ( Bti ) AM65‐52 WDG (VectoBac® WDG, Valent Biosciences LLC) using vehicle‐mounted WALS® across multiple areas in the island's urban environments to control Ae.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An evaluation of Bacillus thuringiensis israelensis (AM65‐52) treatment for the control of Aedes aegypti using vehicle‐mounted WALS® application in a densely populated urban area of Puerto Rico

Harris

Prats

Maldonado

et al. 2021

Pest Management Science

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BACKGROUND With a shortage of effective options for control of Aedes aegypti in Puerto Rico due to widespread resistance to conventional mosquito adulticides, an alternative approach was investigated to reduce vector populations. In two areas (totaling 144 ha) of the municipality of Bayamón, Puerto Rico, Bacillus thuringiensis israelensis (Bti) AM65‐52 WDG was applied at a rate of 500 g/ha using vehicle‐mounted aqueous wide‐area larvicide spray applications weekly for 4 weeks and then every other week for a further 16 weeks. Bioassay jars were placed in the field to monitor for deposition of Bti droplets in open spaces, and under vegetation and building coverage. Autocidal gravid ovitraps were placed throughout the field site to monitor the population of adult female Ae. aegypti in both treatment and control sites. RESULTS Larvicide spray was successfully deposited into jars in an array of open and covered locations, as confirmed by larval bioassays. After the fourth weekly spraying, differences in autocidal gravid ovitrap densities were observed between treatment and control sites resulting in 62% (P = 0.0001) and 28% (P < 0.0001) reductions in adult female Ae. aegypti numbers. CONCLUSION Repeated wide‐area larvicide spray application of Bti AM65‐52 WDG to residential areas in Puerto Rico effectively suppressed dengue vector populations. The success of this trial has led to expansion of the WALS® program to a larger area of Bayamón and other municipalities in Puerto Rico. © 2020 Society of Chemical Industry

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“…World Health Organization (WHO) lists LSM as a supplementary vector control method for malaria vector control [19,52]. At present, commonly used larvicides are chemical insecticides with certain biological toxicity [53,54], which are di cult to be accepted by some communities. Therefore, non-toxic technology coagulation-occulation could help LSM being generalized in these communities.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Coagulation-Flocculation: A potential Application for Mosquito Larval Source Management (LSM) with No Insecticide Resistance

Li¹,

Huang²,

PeiEn³

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Background: Mosquito control is an essential step to eliminate mosquito-borne diseases. Larval mosquitoes have a more limited home range and lower resistance to adverse environment than adults, thus can be ideal targets for vector control in some cases. Coagulation-flocculation technology, which could be used for water treatment in breeding sites of several vector mosquito species, can significantly change both the distribution of organic particles and surface sediment characteristics in water environment. The aim of this study was to explore the effect, principle and possibility of using coagulation-flocculation technology in immature mosquitoes killing.Method: In laboratory, chlorine-free tap water was treated with Poly Aluminum Chloride (PACl, sewage treatment using). The oviposition preference of gravid Culex pipiens pallens, the hatching of mosquito eggs and the survival amount of mosquito larvae were observed, and the pupa amounts were recorded each day.Results: Coagulation-flocculation treatment could improve the oviposition preference of Culex pipiens pallens to some extent (compared with ordinary chlorine-free tap water), but not significantly (p=0.345). After treatment, mosquitoes laid eggs in chlorine-free tap water were 31.88% more than those laid in untreated water. Coagulation-flocculation affected the larvae’s survival by physical means: Ⅰ) alum floc layer increases the difficulty of larvae foraging, leads larvae starving to death; (Ⅱ) the little floc particles adhere to the surface of larvae, which stops larvae from floating upward to breathe. As a result, the alum floc layer had a good killing effect on the mosquito larvae, presented the half lethal time (LT50) of 2d, the 90% lethal time (LT90) of 8.7±7.3 ~ 14±4.5 d, and the pupation rate of 0 ~ (6.5±0.5)%, respectively.Conclusions: PACl coagulation-flocculation produced lots of alum flocs, which may attract more gravid mosquitoes for laying eggs, and was shown to be highly active against 1st~2nd instar larvae. The principle of this technology illustrates this method won’t develop insecticide resistance. In this study, coagulation-flocculation technology is considered to be a new potential approach to a sustainable, low-impact and low-cost mosquito control method.

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Mosquito Control Activities during Local Transmission of Zika Virus, Miami-Dade County, Florida, USA, 2016

Cited by 30 publications

References 11 publications

Fighting the Bite during a Crisis: Capabilities of Florida Mosquito Control Districts during the COVID-19 Pandemic

Fighting the Bite during a Crisis: Capabilities of Florida Mosquito Control Districts during the COVID-19 Pandemic

An evaluation of Bacillus thuringiensis israelensis (AM65‐52) treatment for the control of Aedes aegypti using vehicle‐mounted WALS® application in a densely populated urban area of Puerto Rico

Coagulation-Flocculation: A potential Application for Mosquito Larval Source Management (LSM) with No Insecticide Resistance

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