Mosquito biting activity on humans &amp; detection of Plasmodium falciparum infection in Anopheles stephensi in Goa, India

Korgaonkar, Nandini S; Yadav, Rajpal; Kabadi, Dipak; Dash, A. P.

doi:10.4103/0971-5916.93434

Cited by 35 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 5 publications

(9 reference statements)

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“…uniformis was between 24h00-03h00 and a similar pattern was observed in a study conducted in Goa (Korgaonkar et al, 2012). In our study, Mn.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 68%

Biting Rhythms of Selected Mosquito Species (Diptera: Culicidae) in Jahangirnagar University, Bangladesh

Bashar¹,

K.M.Z.²,

Razzak³

et al. 2015

jmr

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In Bangladesh, a number of important pathogens are transmitted by mosquitoes; however, at the present time, relatively little is known about the daily biting activity of most species of mosquitoes. Given that avoidance may be a viable option to decrease exposure to infected mosquitoes, we conducted a study to determine the biting patterns for mosquitoes during the 12 hour period from 18h00 to 06h00. Host-seeking mosquitoes which landed on the exposed legs and hands were collected using a mouth aspirator. Mosquitoes were continuously collected during the first 50 minutes of each hour and rested for the remaining 10 minutes. The hourly catches of mosquitoes were kept in labeled cups according to the hour of collection. A total of 711 mosquitoes from three genera and seven species were collected. Four species belonged to Culex, two to Mansonia and one to Armigeres. Among the collected species, six were recognized as vectors of pathogens in Bangladesh including the vectors of filariasis [Culex quinquefasciatus (56.54%), Mansonia uniformis (15.75%), Mn. annulifera (12.38%), and Armigeres subalbatus (4.64%)] and Japanese encephalitis [Cx. tritaeniorhynchus (7.17%), and Cx. vishnui (1.55%)]. One non-vector species of mosquito, Cx. hutchinsoni (1.97%), was also collected during the study. In general, biting commenced just after sunset, increased gradually, peaked between 24h00 and 01h00 and decreased to the lowest level between 05h00 and 06h00. The biting densities of mosquitoes ranged from 9.1 mosquitoes per men hour (mph) in July to 16.5 mph in May, with an overall average of 11.85 mph. The highest and lowest biting density was found in May and July respectively. Biting activity of various vector species differed during different hours in the night. Use of personal protection methods should be encouraged during the peak biting times to minimize vector-host contact.

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“…uniformis was between 24h00-03h00 and a similar pattern was observed in a study conducted in Goa (Korgaonkar et al, 2012). In our study, Mn.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 68%

Biting Rhythms of Selected Mosquito Species (Diptera: Culicidae) in Jahangirnagar University, Bangladesh

Bashar¹,

K.M.Z.²,

Razzak³

et al. 2015

jmr

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“…[23]. However, there seems to be plasticity in peak biting times with one study reporting two peaks of activity [28]. …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterizing microclimate in urban malaria transmission settings: a case study from Chennai, India

Cator

Thomas

Paaijmans

et al. 2013

Malar J

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BackgroundEnvironmental temperature is an important driver of malaria transmission dynamics. Both the parasite and vector are sensitive to mean ambient temperatures and daily temperature variation. To understand transmission ecology, therefore, it is important to determine the range of microclimatic temperatures experienced by malaria vectors in the field.MethodsA pilot study was conducted in the Indian city of Chennai to determine the temperature variation in urban microclimates and characterize the thermal ecology of the local transmission setting. Temperatures were measured in a range of probable indoor and outdoor resting habitats of Anopheles stephensi in two urban slum malaria sites. Mean temperatures and daily temperature fluctuations in local transmission sites were compared with standard temperature measures from the local weather station. The biological implications of the different temperatures were explored using temperature-dependent parasite development models to provide estimates of the extrinsic incubation period (EIP) of Plasmodium vivax and Plasmodium falciparum.ResultsMean daily temperatures within the urban transmission sites were generally warmer than those recorded at the local weather station. The main reason was that night-time temperatures were higher (and hence diurnal temperature ranges smaller) in the urban settings. Mean temperatures and temperature variation also differed between specific resting sites within the transmission environments. Most differences were of the order of 1-3°C but were sufficient to lead to important variation in predicted EIPs and hence, variation in estimates of transmission intensity.ConclusionsStandard estimates of environmental temperature derived from local weather stations do not necessarily provide realistic measures of temperatures within actual transmission environments. Even the small differences in mean temperatures or diurnal temperature ranges reported in this study can lead to large variations in key mosquito and/or parasite life history traits that determine transmission intensity. Greater effort should be directed at quantifying adult mosquito resting behaviour and determining the temperatures actually experienced by mosquitoes and parasites in local transmission environments. In the absence of such highly resolved data, the approach used in the current study provides a framework for improved thermal characterization of transmission settings.

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“…They not only cause nuisance to humans but also transmit several diseases like malaria, filaria, Japanese encephalitis, dengue fever, chikungunya [1] and yellow fever [2]. These diseases affect the health and quality of life of millions of people in subtropical and tropical countries [3].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Insecticidal and genotoxic activity of Psoralea corylifolia Linn. (Fabaceae) against Culex quinquefasciatus Say, 1823

Dua

Kumar²,

Pandey

et al. 2013

Parasites Vectors

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BackgroundIndiscriminate use of synthetic insecticides to eradicate mosquitoes has caused physiological resistance. Plants provide a reservoir of biochemical compounds; among these compounds some have inhibitory effect on mosquitoes. In the present study the larvicidal, adulticidal and genotoxic activity of essential oil of Psoralea corylifolia Linn. against Culex quinquefasciatus Say was explored.MethodsEssential oil was isolated from the seeds of P. corylifolia Linn. Larvicidal and adulticidal bioassay of Cx. quinquefasciatus was carried out by WHO method. Genotoxic activity of samples was determined by comet assay. Identification of different compounds was carried out by gas chromatography- mass spectrometry analysis.ResultsLC50 and LC90 values of essential oil were 63.38±6.30 and 99.02±16.63 ppm, respectively against Cx. quinquefasciatus larvae. The LD50 and LD90 values were 0.057±0.007 and 0.109±0.014 mg/cm2 respectively against adult Cx. quinquefasciatus,. Genotoxicity of adults was determined at 0.034 and 0.069 mg/cm2. The mean comet tail length was 6.2548±0.754 μm and 8.47±0.931 μm and the respective DNA damage was significant i.e. 6.713% and 8.864% in comparison to controls. GCMS analysis of essential oil revealed 20 compounds. The major eight compounds were caryophyllene oxide (40.79%), phenol,4-(3,7-dimethyl-3-ethenylocta-1,6-dienyl) (20.78%), caryophyllene (17.84%), α-humulene (2.15%), (+)- aromadendrene (1.57%), naphthalene, 1,2,3,4-tetra hydro-1,6-dimethyle-4-(1-methyl)-, (1S-cis) (1.53%), trans- caryophyllene (0.75%), and methyl hexadecanoate (0.67%).ConclusionEssential oil obtained from the seeds of P. corylifolia showed potent toxicity against larvae and adult Cx. quinquefasciatus. The present work revealed that the essential oil of P. corylifolia could be used as environmentally sound larvicidal and adulticidal agent for mosquito control.

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Mosquito biting activity on humans & detection of Plasmodium falciparum infection in Anopheles stephensi in Goa, India

Cited by 35 publications

References 5 publications

Biting Rhythms of Selected Mosquito Species (Diptera: Culicidae) in Jahangirnagar University, Bangladesh

Biting Rhythms of Selected Mosquito Species (Diptera: Culicidae) in Jahangirnagar University, Bangladesh

Characterizing microclimate in urban malaria transmission settings: a case study from Chennai, India

Insecticidal and genotoxic activity of Psoralea corylifolia Linn. (Fabaceae) against Culex quinquefasciatus Say, 1823

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