Moscow DMZ: The Story of the International Effort to Convert Russian Weapons Science to Peaceful Purposes

Tinnitus perception mediates the relationship between physiological and psychological problems among patients

“…Similar study findings have illustrated that female patients with tinnitus are more likely to exhibit anxiety, depression, and mood swings when compared to males (Alpini & Cesarani, 2006; Andersson, 2005; Axelsson & Ringdahl, 1989; Baguley et al, 2013; Baiduc et al, 2014). Furthermore, studies have also demonstrated that female patients facing a tinnitus problem showed a higher degree of stress, anxiety, and depression when compared to males (Andersson, 2005; Raffetto, 2018; Schmidt et al, 2018; Scholes & Ramakrishnan, 2015; Schweitzer, 2016; Zoger et al, 2006).…”

“…Consequently, these individuals begin to feel isolated and believe that tinnitus is a massive problem in their social life (Domino et al, 2017; Henry, 2016; K. Lee et al, 2018; Lin et al, 2018; Scholes & Ramakrishnan, 2015; Schweitzer, 2016), indicating the possibility of an unhealthy vicious cycle of tinnitus severity, maladaptive coping, depression, anxiety, and stress. Thus, psychological intervention is essential to mitigate the effects of tinnitus on the lives of patients (Budd & Pugh, 1996; Hameed, Eleue, & Al Mosawi, 2018; Marciano et al, 2009; Møller et al, 2010; Scholes & Ramakrishnan, 2015; Trevis, McLachlan, & Wilson, 2018).…”

“…However, it is often undiagnosed or unreported within the general population, especially in Pakistan (Andersson, Kaldo, Strömgren, & Ström, 2009; Schmidt, Zimmerman, Bido Medina, Carpenter-Thompson, & Husain, 2018; Sunwoo et al, 2018). The term “tinnitus” originates from “tinnire,” which comes from the Latin for “jingling” (Andersson et al, 2009; Jastreboff & Hazell, 1993; Schweitzer, 2016). Globally, individuals experience assorted magnitudes of tinnitus, of varied frequencies and intensities (Baguley, Andersson, McFerran, & McKenna, 2012; Heller, 2003; K.…”

“…This fascinating evidence supports the notion that PP lead to tinnitus (Eggermont, 2012; Ibarra et al, 2018; Lin et al, 2018; Scholes & Ramakrishnan, 2015). Some studies have shown evidence that patients with chronic tinnitus are more prone to stress and tension compared to individuals without tinnitus (Axelsson & Ringdahl, 1989; Cohen et al, 2017; Danesh et al, 2018; Mazurek, Haupt, Olze, & Szczepek, 2012; Møller et al, 2010; Scholes & Ramakrishnan, 2015; Schweitzer, 2016).…”