Mosaic chromosome 18 anomaly delineated in a child with dysmorphism using a three-pronged cytogenetic techniques approach: a case report

Abstract

Background A plethora of cases are reported in the literature with iso- and ring-chromosome 18. However, co-occurrence of these two abnormalities in an individual along with a third cell line and absence of numerical anomaly is extremely rare. Case presentation A 7-year-old female was referred for diagnosis due to gross facial dysmorphism and severe developmental delay. She presented with dysmorphic features, hypo/hyper pigmentation of the skin, intellectual disability and craniosynostosis. G-banding chromosome analysis suggested mos 46,XX,psu idic(18)(p11.2)[25]/46,XX,r(?18)[30]. Additional analysis by molecular karyotyping suggested pure partial deletion of 15 Mb on 18p (18p11.32p11.21). Lastly, multiple rearrangements and detection of a third cell line (ring chr18 and interstitial deletion) of chr18 was observed by multi-color banding. Conclusion The current study presents a novel case of chromosomal abnormalities pertaining to chromosome 18 across 3 cell lines, which were delineated with a combinatorial approach of diagnostic methods.

Is It Easy to Supply a Cytogenetic Diagnosis? Examples of Two Clinical Cases with Mosaicism on the 18th Chromosome

“…Хромосома 18 составляет около 2,5% всей ДНК в клетках и содержит около 270 кодирующих генов. Делеции 18-й хромосомы встречаются с частотой 1 : 40 000, но точки разрывов крайне разнообразны, что объясняет вариабельность клинических проявлений [1,2]. В большинстве случаев патология de novo.…”