OBJECTIVEPrediction of clinical outcome in diabetic patients with critical limb ischemia (CLI) is unsatisfactory. This prospective study investigates if the abundance and migratory activity of a subpopulation of circulating mononuclear cells, namely, CD45 dim CD34 pos CXCR4 pos KDR pos cells, predict major amputation and cardiovascular death in type 2 diabetic patients undergoing percutaneous transluminal angioplasty for CLI.
RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODSA consecutive series of 119 type 2 diabetic patients with CLI was enrolled. CD45 dim CD34 pos CXCR4 pos KDR pos cells were assessed by flow cytometry upon isolation and also after spontaneous or stromal cell-derived factor 1a2directed migration in an in vitro assay. The association between basal cell counts and migratory activity and the risk of an event at 18-month follow-up was evaluated in a multivariable regression analysis. Multivariable regression model analysis showed that cell migration forecasts cardiovascular mortality independently of other validated predictors, such as age, diagnosed coronary artery disease, serum C-reactive protein, and estimated glomerular filtration rate. In this model, doubling of migrated cell counts increases the cardiovascular death hazard by 100% (P < 0.0001).
CONCLUSIONSThe new predictor could aid in the identification of high-risk patients with type 2 diabetes requiring special diagnostic and therapeutic care after revascularization.