Mortality, Morbidity and Quality of Life of Patients Operated on By Intermediate Hip Prosthesis for Femoral Neck Fracture in Cotonou

Abstract

Introduction: Femoral neck fractures are common in the elderly. Without early, multidisciplinary management, patients are exposed to high morbidity and mortality rates. The use of an intermediate hip prosthesis has emerged as a safe treatment option. Does this surgical procedure improve patients' prognosis and quality of life? Objective: To study the functional outcome and quality of life of patients operated on with an intermediate hip prosthesis (IHP) for a fracture of the neck of the femur. Materials and method: This was a descriptive and analytical cross-sectional study with retrospective data collection. The target population consisted of patients who had undergone intermediate hip replacement for femoral neck fracture at the CNHU-HKM in Cotonou over a 13-year period from 1 January 2009 to 01 December 2021. Patients were reviewed. Hip function was assessed using the Postel-Merle d'Aubigné (PMA) score. The Short Form Survey (SF-12) was used to assess quality of life. Data were analysed using Chi-square tests (significance level p < 0.05) and Student's t test. Odds ratios were calculated with confidence intervals using Epi info version 7.2.5 software. Results: A total of 86 patients were included in the study. The mean age of the subjects was 68.54±13.25 years, with a male predominance (65.1%) and a sex ratio of 1.86. Postoperative complications were observed in 47 patients (54.7%). Death occurred in 15 patients (17.4%). In terms of quality of life, the mean physical SF-12 was 50.28±5.24 (32.09-55.92) and the mean mental SF-12 was 59.54±2.4 (50.76-64.52). The mean PMA score at the last follow-up was 16.54±1.39 (13-18). Statistically significant associations (p-value < 0.05) were found between quality of life and age, quality of life and PMA score at last follow-up. Conclusion: Placement of an intermediate hip prosthesis reduce the disability resulting from femoral neck fractures, which has a positive impact on patients' quality of life.