Mortality Investigation of Workers in an Electromagnetic Pulse Test Program

Muhm, J. Michael

doi:10.1097/00043764-199203000-00013

Cited by 18 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…In an attempt to address a similar exposure in a cohort of U.S. electric utility workers, limited because of the ill-defined agent addressed in the original study, no increased risk of lung cancer was found (Savitz et al 1997). No other studies of RFs have reported associations with lung cancer (Groves et al 2002; Lagorio et al 1997; Milham 1985, 1988; Morgan et al 2000; Muhm 1992; Szmigielski 1996; Szmigielski et al 2001; Tynes et al 1996). …”

Section: Review Of Studies On Occupational Exposurementioning

confidence: 97%

“…In U.S. Navy veterans potentially exposed to radar (Groves et al 2002) and in a cohort of nearly 200,000 Motorola workers (Morgan et al 2000), heart disease SMRs were well below 1.0, and analyses of mortality (Groves et al 2002), hospital admissions, and disability compensation (Robinette et al 1980) did not support greater risk with greater potential exposure. Other cohort studies reporting cardiovascular mortality have had small numbers (Lagorio et al 1997; Muhm 1992). …”

Section: Review Of Studies On Occupational Exposurementioning

confidence: 99%

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Epidemiology of Health Effects of Radiofrequency Exposure

Ahlbom

Green

Kheifets

et al. 2004

Environ Health Perspect

259

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We have undertaken a comprehensive review of epidemiologic studies about the effects of radiofrequency fields (RFs) on human health in order to summarize the current state of knowledge, explain the methodologic issues that are involved, and aid in the planning of future studies. There have been a large number of occupational studies over several decades, particularly on cancer, cardiovascular disease, adverse reproductive outcome, and cataract, in relation to RF exposure. More recently, there have been studies of residential exposure, mainly from radio and television transmitters, and especially focusing on leukemia. There have also been studies of mobile telephone users, particularly on brain tumors and less often on other cancers and on symptoms. Results of these studies to date give no consistent or convincing evidence of a causal relation between RF exposure and any adverse health effect. On the other hand, the studies have too many deficiencies to rule out an association. A key concern across all studies is the quality of assessment of RF exposure. Despite the ubiquity of new technologies using RFs, little is known about population exposure from RF sources and even less about the relative importance of different sources. Other cautions are that mobile phone studies to date have been able to address only relatively short lag periods, that almost no data are available on the consequences of childhood exposure, and that published data largely concentrate on a small number of outcomes, especially brain tumor and leukemia.

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Section: Review Of Studies On Occupational Exposurementioning

confidence: 97%

Section: Review Of Studies On Occupational Exposurementioning

confidence: 99%

Epidemiology of Health Effects of Radiofrequency Exposure

Ahlbom

Green

Kheifets

et al. 2004

Environ Health Perspect

259

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“…39 Compared to American Foreign Service workers employed at embassies in Eastern Europe, NHL was not significantly elevated in 1,800 Foreign Service personnel working at the American Embassy in Moscow during 1953-76, when it was exposed to low-intensity microwaves (at frequencies of 0.5-9 GHz) for 18 hr per day. 40 Similarly, NHL was not significantly elevated in 1,456 laboratory workers studying radar applications, 41 nor in 481 female Italian plastics workers exposed to RFR generating dielectric heat sealers.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 89%

Cellular telephones and non‐Hodgkin lymphoma

Linet

Taggart

Severson

et al. 2006

Intl Journal of Cancer

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Dramatic increase in hand-held cellular telephone use since the 1980s and excess risk of lymphoproliferative malignancies associated with radio-frequency radiation (RFR) exposures in epidemiological and experimental studies motivated assessment of cellular telephones within a comprehensive US case-control investigation of non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL). A questionnaire ascertained cellular telephone use in 551 NHL cases and 462 frequency-matched population controls. Compared to persons who had never used cellular telephones, risks were not increased among individuals whose lifetime use was fewer than 10 (odds ratio (OR) 5 0.9, 95% confidence intervals (CI): 0.6, 1.3), 10-100 (OR 5 1.0, 95 % CI: 0.7, 1.5) or more than 100 times (e.g., regular users, OR 5 0.9, 95% CI: 0.6, 1.4). Among regular users compared to those who had never used hand-held cellular telephones, risks of NHL were not significantly associated with minutes per week, duration, cumulative lifetime or year of first use, although NHL was non-significantly higher in men who used cellular telephones for more than 8 years. Little evidence linked use of cellular telephones with total, diffuse large B-cell lymphoma or follicular NHL. These findings must be interpreted in the context of less than 5% of the population reporting duration of use of 6 or more years or lifetime cumulative use of 200 or more hours. ' 2006 Wiley-Liss, Inc.Key words: lymphoma; non-Hodgkin; hand-held cellular telephone; radiofrequency/microwave radiation; case-control study; epidemiology For more than 60 years, researchers have undertaken investigations of the possible role of radio-frequency radiation (RFR) exposures, including microwave frequencies (which range from 300 MHz to 300 GHz), in the etiology of cancer or other serious health outcomes.1-4 The only consistent health effects linked with microwaves are heating of tissue and cataracts, which occur when energy levels are high and thermoregulation processes are insufficient. 5-7Most hand-held cellular telephones operate via RFR signals sent to and from base stations. Initially, hand-held cellular telephones were analog or frequency modulated, utilizing RFR in the range of 800-900 MHz. Subsequently, digital cellular telephones, which emit pulsed RFR in the range of 1,850-1,990 MHz, have largely replaced the analog technology. A small subset of digital wireless telephones operates via satellite at assigned frequencies around 2,200 MHz. Hand-held or mobile cellular phones are widely used internationally. At the end of 2005, it was estimated that there were more than 207.9 million US wireless telephone subscribers (69% of the population) 8 and 2 billion wireless telephone users worldwide. 9 The explosive growth in usage internationally along with potential health concerns about the close positioning of handheld cellular telephone antennas to the head led investigators to launch epidemiological studies of brain, central nervous system and other head and neck tumors in more than 15 countries during the 1990s. 10 To date, investigatio...

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“…In 1985, the diagnosis of chronic mydogenic leukemia in one employee of an EMP testing program during a mandatory health surveillance examination prompted Muhm [1992] to perform an epidemiologic study. Candidates for the study were identified from records indicating eligibility for undergoing mandatory health surveillance examinations because of employment in the EMP program between the inception of the surveillance examinations in September 1970 and an arbitrarily selected cutoff date, December 31, 1986.…”

Section: Studies On the Biological Effects Of Electromagnetic Pulsesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Services to Operate and Maintain the Microwave Research Facility at Brooks Air Force Base, San Antonio, Texas

Akyel¹

2001

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Mortality Investigation of Workers in an Electromagnetic Pulse Test Program

Cited by 18 publications

References 3 publications

Epidemiology of Health Effects of Radiofrequency Exposure

Epidemiology of Health Effects of Radiofrequency Exposure

Cellular telephones and non‐Hodgkin lymphoma

Services to Operate and Maintain the Microwave Research Facility at Brooks Air Force Base, San Antonio, Texas

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