Mortality in lambs due to enterotoxaemia associated with heavy infestations of <i>Moniezia expansa</i>

Thomas, P. L.; Ne, Downey; Dreadon, R.S.

doi:10.1080/00480169.1956.33240

Cited by 17 publications

(4 citation statements)

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“…This is often associated with introduction of animals to feedlots without progressive adaptation to grains or concentrated rations and access to lush grass after rains in spring and autumn. 14 26,63 dosing with phenothiazine, 38 overdosing with netobimin 72 ) may predispose to type D enterotoxemia, but convincing evidence has not been published. Even less is known about factors that predispose goats to type D enterotoxemia, and cases have occurred in goats fed a regular hay diet for several months (authors' unpublished observation).…”

Section: Clinical Historymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…209–212. Post-Graduate Foundation, Sydney, Australia], 26,63 dosing with phenothiazine, 38 overdosing with netobimin 72 ) may predispose to type D enterotoxemia, but convincing evidence has not been published. Even less is known about factors that predispose goats to type D enterotoxemia, and cases have occurred in goats fed a regular hay diet for several months (authors' unpublished observation).…”

Section: Clinical Historymentioning

confidence: 99%

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Diagnosis of Clostridium Perfringens Intestinal Infections in Sheep and Goats

2008

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Clostridium perfringens produces enteric diseases, generically called enterotoxemias, in sheep, goats, and other animals. This microorganism can be a normal inhabitant of the intestine of most animal species, including humans, but when the intestinal environment is altered by sudden changes in diet or other factors, C. perfringens proliferates and produces potent toxins that act locally or are absorbed into the general circulation with usually devastating effects on the host. History, clinical signs, and gross postmortem findings are useful tools for establishing a presumptive diagnosis of clostridial enterotoxemia in sheep and goats. Definitive diagnosis requires laboratory confirmation. Isolation of some types of C. perfringens (e.g., B and C) can be of diagnostic value, but other types (e.g., A) are so commonly found in the intestine of normal animals that isolation is meaningless from a diagnostic point of view. The most accepted criterion in establishing a definitive diagnosis of enterotoxemia is detection of C. perfringens toxins in intestinal contents. Also, histopathological examination of brain is very useful for diagnosis of type D disease, as lesions produced by epsilon toxin in the brains of sheep and goats are pathognomonic for type D enterotoxemia. Ancillary tests, such as measuring urine glucose or observing Gram-stained smears of intestinal mucosa, can be used. However, although such tests have a presumptive diagnostic value when positive, they cannot be used to rule out a diagnosis of enterotoxemia when negative.

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Section: Clinical Historymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Clinical Historymentioning

confidence: 99%

Diagnosis of Clostridium Perfringens Intestinal Infections in Sheep and Goats

2008

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“…Other factors that disturb the intestinal environment have also been reported as predisposing factors for enterotoxaemia in sheep and goats. Amongst these are heavy tapeworm infestation [15,16] and dosing with phenothiazine [17] in sheep. In goats, an accidental overdose of netobimin, cold weather stress and a concomitant infestation with coccidia were suggested as possible predisposing factors in an outbreak of caprine enterotoxaemia [13].…”

Section: Clinical Historymentioning

confidence: 99%

Diagnosis of Clostridium perfringens intestinal infections in sheep and goats

2004

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“…have not been considered to be the primary pathogens for SACs up to the present time (Rickard, 1994;Ballweber, 2009). In sheep, monieziasis is associated with the pathogenesis of enterotoxaemia caused by clostridiosis (Thomas et al, 1956) and may be harmful in SACs as well.…”

Section: Cestodes and Treatment Optionsmentioning

confidence: 99%