Mortality during heatwaves 2003–2015 in Frankfurt-Main – the 2003 heatwave and its implications

Steul, Katrin; Schade, M; Heudorf, U.

doi:10.1016/j.ijheh.2017.10.005

Cited by 32 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…Thermal stress associated with the heat waves during those warm years has directly, widely, and negatively affected animal life (61,80), including increased mortality of humans in geographically widespread regions (22,52,103). Globally, humans in heat waves have increased occurrence of disease (23,56,116,129) as well as heat-stroke-related mortality (129), the latter of which was recently observed during 2018 July heat waves in Japan and Canada (10). Hence, climate change-related increases in the frequency and severity of heat waves are a present threat to animal life, including humans, especially considering that urbanization increases the intensity of heat extremes (32), and most humans live in urbanized areas.…”

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confidence: 99%

Heat Waves, the New Normal: Summertime Temperature Extremes Will Impact Animals, Ecosystems, and Human Communities

2019

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A consequence of climate change is the increased frequency and severity of extreme heat waves. This is occurring now as most of the warmest summers and most intense heat waves ever recorded have been during the past decade. In this review, I describe the ways in which animals and human populations are likely to respond to increased extreme heat, suggest how to study those responses, and reflect on the importance of those studies for countering the devastating impacts of climate change.

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confidence: 99%

Heat Waves, the New Normal: Summertime Temperature Extremes Will Impact Animals, Ecosystems, and Human Communities

2019

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“…Increasing urban temperature due to urbanization has been observed and studied in cities around the world such as Atlanta [1], Dhaka [2], Ho Chi Minh City [3], Karachi [4], Jakarta [5], Colombo [6], and Tokyo [7]. UHIs may adversely affect physical and mental health [8][9][10], as well as promote cardiovascular disease and chronic kidney disease [11]. They also have significant effects on energy consumption for cooling of urban buildings [12,13].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Sensitivity of Urban Heat Island to Urban Green Space—A Model-Based Study of City of Colombo, Sri Lanka

et al. 2019

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Urbanization continues to trigger massive land-use land-cover change that transforms natural green environments to impermeable paved surfaces. Fast-growing cities in Asia experience increased urban temperature indicating the development of urban heat islands (UHIs) because of decreased urban green space, particularly in recent decades. This paper investigates the existence of UHIs and the impact of green areas to mitigate the impacts of UHIs in Colombo, Sri Lanka, using UrbClim, a boundary climate model that runs two classes of simulations, namely urbanization impact simulations, and greening simulations. The urbanization impact simulation results show that UHIs spread spatially with the reduction of vegetation cover, and increases the average UHI intensity. The greening simulations show that increasing green space up to 30% in urban areas can decrease the average air temperature by 0.1 °C. On the other hand, converting entire green areas into urban areas in suburban areas increases the average temperature from 27.75 °C to 27.78 °C in Colombo. This demonstrates the sensitivity of UHI to vegetation cover in both urban and suburban areas. These seemingly small changes are average grid values and may indicate much higher impacts at sub-grid levels.

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“…In fact, heat-related mortality amongst those over 75 is becoming a major issue because of the high prevalence of frail individuals, who show a higher risk of death as a consequence of psycho-physical impairment and/or lack of socio-economic resources [ 1 , 2 , 3 ]. In this context, the heat waves that hit Southern Europe during the summers of 2003 and 2015 were the most relevant episodes in causing an increase of deaths in older adults [ 4 , 5 , 6 , 7 , 8 , 9 , 10 , 11 , 12 ]. Prevention programs implemented after the summer of 2003 seem to have had a slight impact on mortality during the milder summers, while no impact has been noted during the hottest summers [ 13 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Moreover, a comparison between different areas, even within the same city, can only be approximate because of locally different climatic conditions (temperature, pollution, humidity and other variables), which can affect the impact of heat waves on health [ 18 , 19 ]. Over the years, however, a reduction in heat-related mortality has been noted, probably arising from interventions, such as campaigns on healthy life-styles and on adaptation strategies during heat waves, which were aimed at the population at large [ 12 , 13 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Social Interventions to Prevent Heat-Related Mortality in the Older Adult in Rome, Italy: A Quasi-Experimental Study

Liotta

Inzerilli

Palombi

et al. 2018

IJERPH

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This study focuses on the impact of a program aimed at reducing heat-related mortality among older adults residing in central Rome by counteracting social isolation. The mortality of citizens over the age of 75 living in three Urban Areas (UAs) located in central Rome is compared with that of the residents of four adjacent UAs during the summer of 2015. The data, broken down by UA, were provided by the Statistical Office of the Municipality of Rome, which gathers them on a routine basis. During the summer of 2015, 167 deaths were recorded in those UAs in which the Long Live the Elderly (LLE) program was active and 169 in those in which it was not, implying cumulative mortality rates of 25‰ (SD ± 1.4; Cl 95%: 23–29) and 29‰ (SD ± 6.7; Cl 95%: 17–43), respectively. Relative to the summer of 2014, the increase of deaths during the summer of 2015 was greater in UAs in which the LLE program had not been implemented (+97.3% vs. +48.8%). In conclusion, the paper shows the impact of a community-based active monitoring program, focused on strengthening individual relationship networks and the social capital of the community, on mortality in those over 75 during heat waves.

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Mortality during heatwaves 2003–2015 in Frankfurt-Main – the 2003 heatwave and its implications

Cited by 32 publications

References 13 publications

Heat Waves, the New Normal: Summertime Temperature Extremes Will Impact Animals, Ecosystems, and Human Communities

Heat Waves, the New Normal: Summertime Temperature Extremes Will Impact Animals, Ecosystems, and Human Communities

The Sensitivity of Urban Heat Island to Urban Green Space—A Model-Based Study of City of Colombo, Sri Lanka

Social Interventions to Prevent Heat-Related Mortality in the Older Adult in Rome, Italy: A Quasi-Experimental Study

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