Mortality burden of ambient fine particulate air pollution in six Chinese cities: Results from the Pearl River Delta study

Lin, Hualiang; Liu, Tao; Xiao, Jianpeng; Zeng, Weilin; Li, Xing; Guo, Lingchuan; Zhang, Yonghui; Xu, Yanjun; Tao, Jun; Xian, Hong; Syberg, Kevin M; Qian, Zhengmin

doi:10.1016/j.envint.2016.09.007

Cited by 165 publications

(74 citation statements)

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“…20 We used two indicators, namely, attributable cases and population attributable fraction, to reflect the hypertension burden. 8 The ambient PM 2.5 level (25 μg/m 3 ) set by the WHO’s Air Quality Guidelines was used as the reference concentration.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…8 Previous studies have examined the effect modifiers of the association between particulate matter pollution and cardiopulmonary health, and found that body weight and dietary intake of oxidants might be the important effect modifiers. 9 Few studies have explored the potential effect modification of overweight/obesity and dietary factors (consumption of fruit and vegetables) on the effects of PM 2.5 on hypertension.…”

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Long-Term Effects of Ambient PM _2.5 on Hypertension and Blood Pressure and Attributable Risk Among Older Chinese Adults

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Long-term exposure to ambient fine particulate pollution (PM2.5) has been associated with cardiovascular diseases. Hypertension, a major risk factor for cardiovascular diseases, has also been hypothesized to be linked to PM2.5. However, epidemiological evidence has been mixed. We examined long-term association between ambient PM2.5 and hypertension and blood pressure. We interviewed 12,665 participants aged 50 years and older and measured their blood pressures. Annual average PM2.5 concentrations were estimated for each community using satellite data. We applied two-level logistic regression models to examine the associations, and estimated hypertension burden attributable to ambient PM2.5. For each 10 μg/m3 increase in ambient PM2.5, the adjusted odds ratio of hypertension was 1.14 (95% confidence interval, 1.07, 1.22). Stratified analyses found that overweight and obesity could enhance the association, and consumption of fruit was associated with lower risk. We further estimated that 11.75% (95% confidence interval: 5.82%, 18.53%) of the hypertension cases (corresponding to 914, 95% confidence interval: 453, 1442 cases) could be attributable to ambient PM2.5 in the study population. Findings suggest that long-term exposure to ambient PM2.5 might be an important risk factor of hypertension, and is responsible for significant hypertension burden in adults in China. A higher consumption of fruit may mitigate, while overweight and obesity could enhance this effect.

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Long-Term Effects of Ambient PM _2.5 on Hypertension and Blood Pressure and Attributable Risk Among Older Chinese Adults

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“…4, 9, 36-39 However, most of these studies were conducted in a single city with projected health impact of reduction in PM 10 , 9, 38, 39 or converted to PM 2.5 from a fixed proportion of PM 10 . 36 The Benefits Mapping and Analysis Program (BenMAP) projected an annual reduction of between 39 and 1,400 all-cause deaths annually with air pollution control in Shanghai.…”

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confidence: 99%

Potential Cardiovascular and Total Mortality Benefits of Air Pollution Control in Urban China

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Background Outdoor air pollution ranks fourth among preventable causes of China's burden of disease. We hypothesized that the magnitude of health gains from air quality improvement in urban China could compare with achieving recommended blood pressure or smoking control goals. Methods The Cardiovascular Disease Policy Model-China projected coronary heart disease, stroke, and all-cause deaths in urban Chinese adults aged 35-84 years from 2017 to 2030 if recent air quality (particulate matter with aerodynamic diameter ≤ 2.5 μm, PM2.5) and traditional cardiovascular risk factor trends continue. We projected life years gained if urban China were to reach one of three air quality goals: Beijing Olympic Games level (mean PM2.5, 55 μg/m3), China Class II standard (35 μg/m3), or World Health Organization (WHO) standard (10 μg/m3). We compared projected air pollution reduction control benefits with potential benefits of reaching WHO hypertension and tobacco control goals. Results Mean PM2.5 reduction to Beijing Olympic levels by 2030 would gain about 241,000 (95% uncertainty interval, 189,000-293,000) life-years annually. Achieving either the China Class II standard or WHO PM2.5 standard would yield greater health benefits [992,000 (95% uncertainty interval, 790,000-1,180,000) or 1,827,000 (95% uncertainty interval, 1,481,000-2,129,000) annual life years gained, respectively] than WHO-recommended goals of 25% improvement in systolic hypertension control and 30% reduction in smoking combined [928,000 (95% uncertainty interval, 830,000-1,033,000) life years]. Conclusions Air quality improvement at different scenarios could lead to graded health benefits ranging from 241,000 life-years gained to much greater benefits are equal to or greater than the combined benefits of 25% improvement in systolic hypertension control and 30% smoking reduction.

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“…En la primera etapa se incluyeron día de la semana (como variable binaria), tendencia de largo plazo (spline de suavizado simple) y estacionalidad (spline cúbico cíclico). En la segunda etapa se introdujeron las variables meteorológicas, incluyendo rezagos de 1 a 5 días antes y rezagos de múltiples días, incorporando las medias móviles del mismo día y los 1 a 5 días previos (17) . Finalmente se introdujeron en el modelo las variables de contaminación.…”

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Impacto de la contaminación atmosférica y el clima en las consultas a un departamento de emergencias pediátrico en la ciudad de Buenos Aires

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Ossorio

et al. 2017

Rev Fac Cien Med Univ Nac Cordoba

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Resumen:Objetivo: evaluar el impacto de los contaminantes atmosféricos y el clima en el número de consultas al departamento de emergencias de un hospital pediátrico en Buenos Aires, Argentina. Material y métodos: estudio ecológico utilizando análisis de series temporales con modelos aditivos generalizados (GAM) para el período 2012-2014, analizando cantidad diaria de consultas en función de tres contaminantes del aire: monóxido de carbono (CO), dióxido de nitrógeno (NO 2 ) y material particulado de diámetro menor a 10 micrones (PM 10 ), temperatura diaria, humedad relativa, dirección y velocidad del viento y lluvia, controlando por día de la semana y tendencia de largo plazo. Resultados: las consultas en invierno (286 diarias) fueron significativamente mayores que en las demás estaciones (p<0.0001). La variación en el nivel de contaminación del aire no mostró correlación significativa y consistente con las consultas. La temperatura, humedad relativa, lluvia y viento no resultaron significativas en ninguno de los rezagos analizados. Conclusiones: en esta población y considerando las consultas de emergencia, la contaminación del aire no afecta significativamente el resultado en salud, pero sí lo hacen las epidemias estacionales. Estudios sobre otras variables de salud son necesarios para establecer el impacto de la contaminación del aire sobre la salud infantil en Buenos Aires. Palabras clave: Contaminación del aire; Clima; Medioambiente y salud pública Abstract:Objective: to evaluate the impact of air pollution and weather changes on the number of visits to a pediatric emergency department in Buenos Aires, Argentina. Materials and methods: we designed an ecological time-series study using generalized additive models (GAM) for the period 2012-2014. The outcome variable was the number of daily visits to a pediatric emergency department taking into account daily consultations. The potential predictors were the average daily air pollution levels (carbon monoxide -CO-, nitrogen dioxide -NO 2 -, particulate matter 10 microns or less in diameter -PM 10 -) and weather variables (temperature, humidity, wind speed and direction, and rainfall) and we controlled by weekday and longtime trend. Results: the number of visits during the winter months (286 daily) was significantly higher than those in the other seasons (p <0.0001). The change in air pollution levels did not show a significant and consistent correlation with the visits. Temperature, relative humidity, rainfall, and wind speed and direction were not significant variables for any of the examined lags. Conclusions: Considering the population and variables of our study, air pollution does not affect the health outcomes, as does seasonal epidemics. Studies that examine other health variables are necessary to establish the impact of air pollution on children's health in Buenos Aires.

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Mortality burden of ambient fine particulate air pollution in six Chinese cities: Results from the Pearl River Delta study

Cited by 165 publications

References 29 publications

Long-Term Effects of Ambient PM _2.5 on Hypertension and Blood Pressure and Attributable Risk Among Older Chinese Adults

Long-Term Effects of Ambient PM _2.5 on Hypertension and Blood Pressure and Attributable Risk Among Older Chinese Adults

Potential Cardiovascular and Total Mortality Benefits of Air Pollution Control in Urban China

Impacto de la contaminación atmosférica y el clima en las consultas a un departamento de emergencias pediátrico en la ciudad de Buenos Aires

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Mortality burden of ambient fine particulate air pollution in six Chinese cities: Results from the Pearl River Delta study

Cited by 165 publications

References 29 publications

Long-Term Effects of Ambient PM 2.5 on Hypertension and Blood Pressure and Attributable Risk Among Older Chinese Adults

Long-Term Effects of Ambient PM 2.5 on Hypertension and Blood Pressure and Attributable Risk Among Older Chinese Adults

Potential Cardiovascular and Total Mortality Benefits of Air Pollution Control in Urban China

Impacto de la contaminación atmosférica y el clima en las consultas a un departamento de emergencias pediátrico en la ciudad de Buenos Aires

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Product

Resources

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Long-Term Effects of Ambient PM _2.5 on Hypertension and Blood Pressure and Attributable Risk Among Older Chinese Adults

Long-Term Effects of Ambient PM _2.5 on Hypertension and Blood Pressure and Attributable Risk Among Older Chinese Adults