Mortality and tissue damage by heavy metal contamination in the German cockroach,<i>Blattella germanica</i>(Blattaria, Blattellidae)

Zhang, Yingmei; Lambiase, Simonetta; Fasola, Mauro; Gandini, C.; Grigolo, Aldo; Laudani, U.

doi:10.1080/11250000109356398

Cited by 20 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…Additionally, numerous literature reports show that the bioamplification (biomagnification) of metals in organisms occurs at higher food chain levels [ 157 , 158 , 159 , 160 ]. The presence of heavy metals in insects and its impact on growth rate [ 161 , 162 , 163 ], mortality [ 164 , 165 , 166 , 167 , 168 ] and physiology [ 169 , 170 , 171 ] are well-known. Local adaptation of insects to environments contaminated with heavy metals was also reported [ 172 , 173 , 174 , 175 , 176 ].…”

Section: Effects Of Heavy Metals On Insects Including Aphidsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Role of Heavy Metals in Plant Response to Biotic Stress

et al. 2018

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The present review discusses the impact of heavy metals on the growth of plants at different concentrations, paying particular attention to the hormesis effect. Within the past decade, study of the hormesis phenomenon has generated considerable interest because it was considered not only in the framework of plant growth stimulation but also as an adaptive response of plants to a low level of stress which in turn can play an important role in their responses to other stress factors. In this review, we focused on the defence mechanisms of plants as a response to different metal ion doses and during the crosstalk between metal ions and biotic stressors such as insects and pathogenic fungi. Issues relating to metal ion acquisition and ion homeostasis that may be essential for the survival of plants, pathogens and herbivores competing in the same environment were highlighted. Besides, the influence of heavy metals on insects, especially aphids and pathogenic fungi, was shown. Our intention was also to shed light on the relationship between heavy metals deposition in the environment and ecological communities formed under a strong selective pressure.

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Section: Effects Of Heavy Metals On Insects Including Aphidsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Role of Heavy Metals in Plant Response to Biotic Stress

et al. 2018

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“…However, this process does not prevent damages of selected tissues. For example, Zhang et al (2001) showed that in cockroaches (Blattaria) contamination by different metals, including Pb, produces profound and irreversible pathological anomalies in the ovary, the testis, the alimentary canal, and the fat bodies. Isopods, diplopods (Crustacea), and collembola (Insecta) also showed ultrastructural alterations of midgut epithelium and midgut gland epithelium when exposed to different metals, including Pb (Köhler & Triebskorn, 1998).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ultrastructural Alterations of Midgut Epithelium, But Not Greater Wing Fluctuating Asymmetry, in Paper Wasps (Polistes dominula) from Urban Environments

et al. 2018

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Polistes paper wasps can be used to monitor trace metal contaminants, but the effects of pollution on the health of these insects are still unknown. We evaluated, in a south-eastern area of Spain, whether workers of Polistes dominula collected at urban and rural sites differ in health of midgut tissue and in fluctuating asymmetry, an estimate of developmental noise. We found that wasps collected at the urban sites had abundant lead (Pb)-containing spherites, which were less visible in wasps from the rural sites. Evident ultrastructural alterations in the epithelium of the midgut of the wasps collected at the urban sites included broken and disorganized microvilli, a high amount and density of heterochromatin in the nucleus of epithelial cells, cytoplasmic vacuolization and mitochondrial disruptions. Altogether, these findings suggest a negative effect on the transmembrane transport and a less efficient transcription. On the contrary, a healthy epithelium was observed in wasps from the rural sites. These differences may be preliminarily linked with levels of lead pollution, given that wasps from urban sites had double the Pb concentrations of wasps from rural sites. Level of fluctuating asymmetry was unrelated to wasp origin, thus suggesting no link between developmental noise and Pb-driven pollution.

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“…We found that most MGE candidates were specifically downregulated in specialists and encoded molecular functions involved in cell response, vesicular transport, organization of organelles and cytoskeleton, cilia assembly or cell adhesion (Table S4). Noticeably, these are the most frequent cell modifications observed in intestinal tissue damage by heavy metals from the diet (e.g., Bednarska et al, 2016;Köhler & Alberti, 1992;Zhang et al, 2001). Indeed, in soil ar- Our analysis also uncovered a number of upregulated MGE and MPS candidates associated with iron, copper and zinc binding and homeostasis, which can also be part of an adaptive mechanism of detoxification in specialist Dysdera.…”

Section: Genetic Changes Matching Phenotypic Convergence: Metal-indmentioning

confidence: 85%

“…We found that most MGE candidates were specifically downregulated in specialists and encoded molecular functions involved in cell response, vesicular transport, organization of organelles and cytoskeleton, cilia assembly or cell adhesion (Table ). Noticeably, these are the most frequent cell modifications observed in intestinal tissue damage by heavy metals from the diet (e.g., Bednarska et al, ; Köhler & Alberti, ; Zhang et al, ). Indeed, in soil arthropods subjected to heavy metal stress, midgut cells show evident histological modifications indicative of metal deposition in intracellular granules and gut epithelial degeneration.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chance and predictability in evolution: The genomic basis of convergent dietary specializations in an adaptive radiation

et al. 2019

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The coexistence of multiple eco‐phenotypes in independently assembled communities makes island adaptive radiations the ideal framework to test convergence and parallelism in evolution. In the radiation of the spider genus Dysdera in the Canary Islands, species diversification occurs concomitant with repeated events of trophic specialization. These dietary shifts, to feed primarily on woodlice, are accompanied by modifications in morphology (mostly in the mouthparts), behaviour and nutritional physiology. To gain insight into the molecular basis of this adaptive radiation, we performed a comprehensive comparative transcriptome analysis of five Canary Island Dysdera endemics representing two evolutionary and geographically independent events of dietary specialization. After controlling for the potential confounding effects of hemiplasy, our differential gene expression and selective constraint analyses identified a number of genetic changes that could be associated with the repeated adaptations to specialized diet of woodlice, including some related to heavy metal detoxification and homeostasis, the metabolism of some important nutrients and venom toxins. Our results shed light on the genomic basis of an extraordinary case of dietary shift convergence associated with species diversification. We uncovered putative molecular substrates of convergent evolutionary changes at different hierarchical levels, including specific genes, genes with equivalent functions and even particular amino acid positions. This study improves our knowledge of rapid adaptive radiations and provides new insights into the predictability of evolution.

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Mortality and tissue damage by heavy metal contamination in the German cockroach,Blattella germanica(Blattaria, Blattellidae)

Cited by 20 publications

References 28 publications

The Role of Heavy Metals in Plant Response to Biotic Stress

The Role of Heavy Metals in Plant Response to Biotic Stress

Ultrastructural Alterations of Midgut Epithelium, But Not Greater Wing Fluctuating Asymmetry, in Paper Wasps (Polistes dominula) from Urban Environments

Chance and predictability in evolution: The genomic basis of convergent dietary specializations in an adaptive radiation

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