Abstract:SummaryBackground: Knowledge on the trends of cardiovascular mortality is important to make hypotheses on its occurrence as well as to support prevention and control measures.
“…Although some studies show a decrease in CVD deaths 1,[3][4][5][6][7][8]11,[19][20][21] , possibly due to accelerated economic development, bringing with it better living conditions and less exposure to infections during the perinatal period 4 , such deaths may present themselves in a non-homogeneous manner within the population groups of a given country, as mentioned by Frank et al 22 . Reinforcing these findings, Mansur et al 19 found an increase in the risk of death due to these diseases in the less developed states of the country, which agrees with the study by Farias et al 23 , which suggests that despite a decrease in recent years, these deaths may show different patterns in the different socioeconomic groups.…”
“…Although some studies show a decrease in CVD deaths 1,[3][4][5][6][7][8]11,[19][20][21] , possibly due to accelerated economic development, bringing with it better living conditions and less exposure to infections during the perinatal period 4 , such deaths may present themselves in a non-homogeneous manner within the population groups of a given country, as mentioned by Frank et al 22 . Reinforcing these findings, Mansur et al 19 found an increase in the risk of death due to these diseases in the less developed states of the country, which agrees with the study by Farias et al 23 , which suggests that despite a decrease in recent years, these deaths may show different patterns in the different socioeconomic groups.…”
“…For example, mortality rates due to acute complications of diabetes declined between 1991 and 2010 [7]. Between 1996 and 2007, age-adjusted mortality attributable to non-communicable diseases declined by about 20 %, primarily associated with reductions in cardiovascular disease [1, 8]. However, these mortality improvements have not been equally experienced across populations’ subgroups.…”
BackgroundSocioeconomic differences in health in Brazil are largely driven by differences in educational attainment. In this paper, we assess whether educational gradients in chronic disease prevalence have narrowed in Brazil from 1998 to 2013, a period of a booming economy accompanied by major investments in public health in the country.MethodsIndividual-level data came from the 1998, 2003 and 2008 Brazilian National Household Survey and the 2013 National Health Survey. We first evaluate age-standardized prevalence rates of chronic disease by education and second, we predict the estimated prevalence rate between those in low vs. high education to assess if relative changes in chronic disease have narrowed over time. Third, we estimate the slope index of inequality (SII) that evaluates the absolute change in the predicted prevalence of a disease between those in low vs. high education. Finally, we tested for statistically significant time trends in adult chronic disease inequalities by education.ResultsPrevalence of diabetes and hypertension have increased over the period, whereas the prevalence of heart disease decreased. Brazilian adults with no education had higher levels of diabetes, hypertension and heart disease than those with some college or more. Adjusted prevalence for hypertension and heart disease indicate some progress in reducing educational disparities over time. However, for diabetes, adjusted results show a continuously increasing educational disparity from 1998 to 2013. By 2013, individuals with no education had about two times higher diabetes prevalence than those with higher education with larger disparity among women.ConclusionsResults confirm findings from previous work that educational inequalities in health are large in Brazil but also provide evidence suggesting some improvement in narrowing these differentials in recent times. Recent policies aiming at reducing the prevalence of obesity, smoking and alcohol consumption, and increasing physical activity and consumption of fruits and vegetables may increase the overall health and wellbeing of the Brazilian population. These programs are likely to be more effective if they target those with low socioeconomic status, as they appeared to be at a higher risk of developing chronic conditions, and promote educational opportunities.
“…As doenças do aparelho circulatório estão cerca de 98% mais elevados do que a segunda causa mais frequente de internações entre os idosos, que é a referente às doenças do aparelho respiratório e, cerca de quase 200% a mais do que a terceira causa de internações, que é a referente a neoplasias. Farias et al (2009) inferiram que nas últimas três décadas houve uma queda na taxa de mortalidade por doenças do aparelho circulatório no Brasil, embora este fato seja uma tendência não tão somente nacional mas mundial. Entretanto, esta tendência não foi observada no DF.…”
RESUMOAs doenças do aparelho circulatório estão entre as que apresentam maior morbimortalidade. Dentre elas, a cardiopatia isquêmica é a mais prevalente entre os indivíduos idosos (≥60 anos). O objetivo deste estudo foi investigar a incidência de doença cardíaca isquêmica no Brasil e no Distrito Federal (DF). Os dados foram obtidos na base de dados do Sistema de Informações de Mortalidade e no Sistema de Informações Hospitalares do Sistema Único de Saúde, disponibilizado pelo Departamento de Informática do Sistema Único de Saúde. Foram analisadas as taxas de internação e óbitos por cardiopatia isquêmica em idosos selecionadas destes bancos de dados, no período de 2000 a 2012. A incidência de internações e óbitos nos idosos foi alta no período estudado, tanto no Brasil como no DF, sendo que este último apresentou taxas mais elevadas quando comparadas com a população brasileira. Homens idosos tiveram maior prevalência do que mulheres idosas, tanto no DF quanto no Brasil. Concluiu-se que não houve diminuição nas taxas de internação e de óbitos por doença cardíaca isquêmica no período estudado, em discordância com o citado na literatura.Palavras-Chave: Cardiopatia Isquêmica; Idosos; Internações; Óbitos.
ABSTRACTDiseases of the circulatory system are among those who present higher morbidity and mortality. Among them, ischemia is more prevalent among individuals aged over 60 years. The aim of this study was to investigate the incidence of ischemia of Brazil and the Federal District. Data were obtained using data from the Mortality Information System and the Hospital Information System of the Unified Health System provided by the Department of the Unified Health System Exchange hospitalization and deaths due to ischemia in elderly were selected in these banks and analyzed. The results show that the incidence of hospitalizations and deaths in this age group is high between the years 2000 and 2012; in both Brazil and the Federal District (DF), and that the latter have higher rates compared to the Brazilian population. Older men have higher incidence than older women, both in DF as the population level. These values are also seen higher in DF than in Brazil. It can be concluded that there was no decrease in the rates of hospitalization and death in a 13-year period, as stated in the media.
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