MorTAL Kombat: the story of defense against TAL effectors through loss-of-susceptibility

Hutin, M.; Pérez‐Quintero, Álvaro L.; López, Camilo; Szurek, Boris

doi:10.3389/fpls.2015.00535

Cited by 62 publications

(111 citation statements)

References 68 publications

(100 reference statements)

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“…Recessive R genes have evolved from S genes and contain mutations in the EBE, which abolish TAL effector binding (Hutin et al. 2015). In this case, resistance is the result of the loss of induction of an S gene.…”

Section: Modulation Of Plant Gene Expression By Type III Effectorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Behind the lines–actions of bacterial type III effector proteins in plant cells

Büttner¹

2016

FEMS Microbiology Reviews

227

221

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Pathogenicity of most Gram-negative plant-pathogenic bacteria depends on the type III secretion (T3S) system, which translocates bacterial effector proteins into plant cells. Type III effectors modulate plant cellular pathways to the benefit of the pathogen and promote bacterial multiplication. One major virulence function of type III effectors is the suppression of plant innate immunity, which is triggered upon recognition of pathogen-derived molecular patterns by plant receptor proteins. Type III effectors also interfere with additional plant cellular processes including proteasome-dependent protein degradation, phytohormone signaling, the formation of the cytoskeleton, vesicle transport and gene expression. This review summarizes our current knowledge on the molecular functions of type III effector proteins with known plant target molecules. Furthermore, plant defense strategies for the detection of effector protein activities or effector-triggered alterations in plant targets are discussed.

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Section: Modulation Of Plant Gene Expression By Type III Effectorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Behind the lines–actions of bacterial type III effector proteins in plant cells

Büttner¹

2016

FEMS Microbiology Reviews

227

221

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“…It is composed of variable numbers of a highly conserved 33–35 amino acid sequence in which residues 12 and 13, the so-called repeat variable di-residues (RVD), are hypervariable and determine the nucleotide binding specificity (Boch et al, 2009; Moscou and Bogdanove, 2009). Due to the discovery of the nucleotide binding specificity, a number of susceptibility genes targeted by Xanthomonas TALEs have been identified (Hutin et al, 2015a). Over the course of evolution, plants have acquired mutations in the promoter regions of susceptibility genes which abolish the binding and trans -activation by TALEs, hence leading to resistance by loss-of-susceptibility that is inherited in a recessive manner (Hutin et al, 2015b).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Effector Mimics and Integrated Decoys, the Never-Ending Arms Race between Rice and Xanthomonas oryzae

et al. 2017

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Plants are constantly challenged by a wide range of pathogens and have therefore evolved an array of mechanisms to defend against them. In response to these defense systems, pathogens have evolved strategies to avoid recognition and suppress plant defenses (Brown and Tellier, 2011). Three recent reports dealing with the resistance of rice to Xanthomonas oryzae have added a new twist to our understanding of this fascinating co-evolutionary arms race (Ji et al., 2016; Read et al., 2016; Triplett et al., 2016). They show that pathogens also develop sophisticated effector mimics to trick recognition.

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“…In response to TALEs and other Xoo virulence strategies, rice has co‐evolved counter‐measures, such as the utilization of recessive resistance ( R ) genes for many of the S gene targets. These recessive R genes can result in TALE mistargeting, reduced TALE binding and increased plant disease resistance (Boch etal ., ; Hutin etal ., ). Three recessive R genes ( xa13 , xa25 and xa41(t) ) have been identified in several rice varieties and are the EBE‐mutational alleles of OsSWEET11 , OsSWEET13 and OsSWEET14 , respectively (Chu etal ., ; Hutin etal ., ; Liu etal ., ; Yang etal ., ; Zhou etal ., ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae TALE proteins recruit OsTFIIAγ1 to compensate for the absence of OsTFIIAγ5 in bacterial blight in rice

Zou

et al. 2018

Molecular Plant Pathology

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Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae (Xoo), the causal agent of bacterial blight (BB) of rice, uses transcription activator-like effectors (TALEs) to interact with the basal transcription factor gamma subunit OsTFIIAγ5 (Xa5) and activates the transcription of host genes. However, how OsTFIIAγ1, the other OsTFIIAγ protein, functions in the presence of TALEs remains unclear. In this study, we show that OsTFIIAγ1 plays a compensatory role in the absence of Xa5. The expression of OsTFIIAγ1, which is activated by TALE PthXo7, increases the expression of host genes targeted by avirulent and virulent TALEs. Defective OsTFIIAγ1 rice lines show reduced expression of the TALE-targeted susceptibility (S) genes, OsSWEET11 and OsSWEET14, which results in increased BB resistance. Selected TALEs (PthXo1, AvrXa7 and AvrXa27) were evaluated for interactions with OsTFIIAγ1, Xa5 and xa5 (naturally occurring mutant form of Xa5) using biomolecular fluorescence complementation (BiFC) and microscale thermophoresis (MST). BiFC and MST demonstrated that the three TALEs bind Xa5 and OsTFIIAγ1 with a stronger affinity than xa5. These results provide insights into the complex roles of OsTFIIAγ1 and OsTFIIAγ5 in TALE-mediated host gene transcription.

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MorTAL Kombat: the story of defense against TAL effectors through loss-of-susceptibility

Cited by 62 publications

References 68 publications

Behind the lines–actions of bacterial type III effector proteins in plant cells

Behind the lines–actions of bacterial type III effector proteins in plant cells

Effector Mimics and Integrated Decoys, the Never-Ending Arms Race between Rice and Xanthomonas oryzae

Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae TALE proteins recruit OsTFIIAγ1 to compensate for the absence of OsTFIIAγ5 in bacterial blight in rice

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